Positive-Electrode Active Material for High Energy Density Batteries
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current battery technologies face challenges in achieving high energy density due to limitations in the crystal structure and composition of positive-electrode active materials, leading to insufficient energy storage capacity and stability during lithium intercalation and deintercalation.
Innovation Solution
A positive-electrode active material with a crystal structure belonging to the FM3-M space group, represented by the composition formula LixAyMezOαFβ, where A is Na or K, and Me includes various transition metals, optimized within specific ratios to enhance lithium diffusion and maintain structural stability, thereby increasing energy density.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Quantity of substance
If traditional positive-electrode active materials are used, then the battery structure is simple, but the energy density is insufficient
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs composite materials by combining multiple transition metal elements (Mn, Co, Ni, Fe, Al, B, Ce, Si, Zr, Nb, Pr, Ti, W, Ge, Mo, Sn, Bi, Cu, Mg, Ca, Ba, Sr, Y, Zn, Ga, Er, La, Sm, Yb, V, Cr) in specific ratios within the FM3-M crystal structure. This composite approach allows optimization of both energy density and structural stability, resolving the contradiction between simple structure and high energy density
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies parameter changes by precisely controlling the compositional parameters (x, y, z, α, β) in the formula LixAyMezOαFβ and the crystal structure parameters of the FM3-M space group. By optimizing these parameters, the material achieves enhanced lithium diffusion and structural stability, thereby increasing energy density without excessive structural complexity
2Quantity of substance
If lithium intercalation and deintercalation capacity is increased, then energy storage capacity improves, but structural stability deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies local quality by creating specific local environments within the crystal structure through the FM3-M space group configuration and controlled element distribution. This allows different regions of the material to have optimized properties for both lithium intercalation and structural stability, resolving the contradiction between energy storage capacity and structural stability
3Speed
If transition metal composition is optimized for lithium diffusion, then lithium diffusion improves, but manufacturing complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses parameter changes by defining specific ranges for compositional parameters (1.7≤x+y≤2.2, 0≤y≤0.2, 0.8≤z≤1.3) that optimize lithium diffusion while maintaining manufacturability. These parameter specifications provide clear manufacturing guidelines that balance performance optimization with production feasibility
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The proposed active material achieves a high-capacity battery with enhanced energy density by stabilizing the crystal structure and improving lithium diffusion, outperforming traditional materials like LiMnO2, and maintaining stability during lithium abstraction.
Implementation Method 1
stability during lithium intercalation and deintercalation
Implementation Method 2
improving lithium diffusion
Data Source
AI summary
A positive-electrode active material contains a compound that has a crystal structure belonging to a space group FM3-M and that is represented by the composition formula (1):LixAyMezOαFβ (1)wherein A denotes Na or K, Me denotes one or two or more elements selected from the group consisting of Mn, Co, Ni, Fe, Al, B, Ce, Si, Zr, Nb, Pr, Ti, W, Ge, Mo, Sn, Bi, Cu, Mg, Ca, Ba, Sr, Y, Zn, Ga, Er, La, Sm, Yb, V, and Cr, and the following conditions are satisfied.1.7≤x+y≤2.20≤y≤0.20.8≤z≤1.31≤α≤2.50.5≤β≤2