PTFE Nanofiber Substrate with Conductive Layer for Wearable Circuits

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Solution Overview

Problem

Flexible printed circuit boards for wearable devices require higher flexibility, air permeability, and heat resistance, as existing boards suffer from insufficient heat resistance and thermal contraction issues.

Innovation Solution

A substrate with a conductive layer formed from a woven or nonwoven fabric of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) nanofibers, using a conductive composition with a viscosity of 1 to 500 Pa·s, which provides high air permeability and heat resistance, and is bonded with a thermosetting resin to prevent separation and wire breakage during bending and thermal exposure.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Temperature

If a thermosetting conductive composition is used to form a conductive layer, then heat resistance is improved, but thermal contraction occurs and flexibility deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveheat resistanceVSAvoidflexibility
Core Design Contradiction:
TemperatureVSEase of operation

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes the viscosity parameter of the conductive composition to a specific range (10 to 100 Pa·s) to achieve optimal balance between heat resistance and flexibility. This parameter optimization allows the composition to maintain structural integrity at high temperatures while remaining flexible enough for wearable applications.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The patent uses a composite conductive composition containing conductive filler particles dispersed in a thermosetting resin matrix. This composite structure provides both the heat resistance from the thermosetting resin and the flexibility needed for wearable devices, resolving the contradiction between these two properties.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

2Ease of operation

If a known flexible printed circuit board is used, then flexibility is improved, but air permeability is insufficient

Engineering Contradiction:
ImproveflexibilityVSAvoidair permeability
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSQuantity of substance

Solution Approach 1:

The patent employs a porous substrate made of expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (e-PTFE) with controlled pore structure. This porous material provides both the flexibility required for wearable devices and sufficient air permeability for breathability, resolving the contradiction between these two properties.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #31Porous materials

Solution Approach 2:

The patent adopts the e-PTFE substrate structure from existing flexible circuit board designs but optimizes its pore size and distribution to enhance air permeability while maintaining flexibility, effectively copying and improving upon the proven flexible substrate concept.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #26Copying

3Ease of operation

If a conductive layer is formed on a PTFE substrate, then flexibility is maintained, but adhesion is insufficient causing separation and wire breakage

Engineering Contradiction:
ImproveflexibilityVSAvoidadhesion
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSStrength

Solution Approach 1:

The patent optimizes the viscosity parameter of the conductive composition (10 to 100 Pa·s) to achieve optimal adhesion to the PTFE substrate. This viscosity control ensures the composition flows adequately to wet the substrate surface and forms strong bonds, preventing separation and wire breakage while maintaining flexibility.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The thermosetting resin in the conductive composition acts as an intermediary bonding agent between the conductive filler and the PTFE substrate. This resin matrix provides adhesion promotion, ensuring strong bonding while allowing the overall structure to remain flexible.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

4Ease of operation

If existing flexible printed circuit boards are used, then flexibility is improved, but heat resistance is insufficient for sterilization

Engineering Contradiction:
ImproveflexibilityVSAvoidheat resistance
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSTemperature

Solution Approach 1:

The patent uses a composite conductive composition with thermosetting resin that provides high heat resistance capable of withstanding autoclave sterilization temperatures. The e-PTFE substrate combined with this heat-resistant composition maintains flexibility while achieving the required sterilization resistance.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The substrate achieves high flexibility, air permeability, and heat resistance, allowing it to withstand sterilization and maintain conductivity without shape change or separation, making it suitable for wearable devices and healthcare applications.

Implementation Method 1

a conductive layer formed on the substrate, the conductive layer being formed from a conductive composition with a viscosity in a range of 1 to 500 Pa·s measured at 25° C. with a rotational viscometer at a rotational speed of 50 rpm

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectViscosity control:

Implementation Method 2

a conductive layer formed on the substrate, the conductive layer being formed from a conductive composition with a viscosity in a range of 1 to 500 Pa·s measured at 25° C. with a rotational viscometer at a rotational speed of 50 rpm, wherein the following requirement (1) is satisfied: requirement (1): the substrate with a conductive layer has a Gurley permeability of 10 s/100 ml or less

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectThermosetting:

Implementation Method 3

a substrate with a conductive layer including: a substrate, which is a woven or nonwoven fabric containing polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) nanofibers

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectGurley permeability:

Implementation Method 4

the substrate with a conductive layer has high heat resistance, and therefore can be subjected to sterilization, such as autoclave sterilization, when used in healthcare applications

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectThermal stability:

Data Source

PatentUS11825601B2Substrate with conductive layer
Publication Date: 2023.11.21 VALQUA LTD

AI summary

A substrate with a conductive layer including a substrate, which is a woven or nonwoven fabric containing polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) nanofibers; and a conductive layer formed on the substrate, the conductive layer being formed from a conductive composition with a viscosity in a range of 1 to 500 Pa·s measured at 25° C. with a rotational viscometer at a rotational speed of 50 rpm, wherein the following requirement (1) is satisfied: requirement (1); the substrate with a conductive layer has a Gurley permeability of 10 s/100 ml or less.