Pulse Recirculating Microwave Circuit for High-Efficiency Power Generation

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Solution Overview

Problem

Producing high power microwave pulses efficiently is challenging due to the high voltages and high frequencies involved, with existing technologies having low efficiency and requiring costly equipment or large facilities.

Innovation Solution

A high frequency electromagnetic radiation generation device incorporating a high voltage input, nonlinear transmission line, antenna, and pulse recirculating circuit, which includes a diode, low pass filter, and delay line, to recirculate and reradiate electromagnetic pulses, increasing energy efficiency.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Loss of energy

If traditional klystron systems are used to generate high power microwave pulses, then electromagnetic radiation can be produced, but energy efficiency is low (few percent to 60% efficiency) and equipment cost is high

Engineering Contradiction:

Improveenergy efficiencyVSAvoidequipment complexity

Core Design Contradiction:

Loss of energyVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent recovers unradiated energy from the antenna and redirects it through the pulse recirculating circuit back to the nonlinear transmission line, where it is converted into additional electromagnetic radiation. This recovery process increases energy efficiency by reusing energy that would otherwise be lost, achieving potentially greater than 80% efficiency compared to traditional klystron systems.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #34Discarding and recovering

Solution Approach 2:

The pulse recirculating circuit enables continuous conversion of electrical energy to electromagnetic radiation by maintaining a recirculating loop where unradiated energy is continuously redirected and converted. This continuous action allows the system to operate at high efficiency without the need for complex pulsed operation mechanisms found in traditional systems.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #20Continuity of useful action

2Power

If high voltage pulses are used to generate high frequency electromagnetic radiation, then microwave pulses can be produced, but energy loss and heat generation increase

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvemicrowave powerVSAvoidenergy loss

Core Design Contradiction:

PowerVSLoss of energy

Solution Approach 1:

The system recovers unradiated energy from high voltage pulses and redirects it through the pulse recirculating circuit back to the nonlinear transmission line for additional conversion to electromagnetic radiation. This recovery mechanism reduces energy loss and minimizes heat generation by reusing energy that would otherwise be wasted.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #34Discarding and recovering

3Power

If high voltage pulses are used to generate high frequency electromagnetic radiation, then microwave pulses can be produced, but equipment cost and facility requirements increase

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvemicrowave powerVSAvoidfacility requirements

Core Design Contradiction:

PowerVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent employs a nonlinear transmission line with nonlinear semiconductor junction capacitance devices that exploit voltage-dependent capacitance changes to convert high voltage pulses into high frequency electromagnetic radiation. This parameter-based approach enables high power generation using simpler, more compact components compared to traditional klystron systems, reducing facility requirements.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #35Parameter changes

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The device achieves high energy efficiency by recirculating and reradiating electromagnetic pulses, potentially exceeding 80% efficiency, compared to the few percent to 60% efficiency of traditional klystron systems, while minimizing energy loss and heat generation.

Implementation Method 1

The nonlinear transmission line may include a plurality of circuit elements that include a nonlinear semiconductor junction capacitance device and an inductor

Methodology Applied

Scientific EffectNonlinear semiconductor junction capacitance:

Implementation Method 2

The pulse recirculating circuit may be configured to direct unradiated energy to the nonlinear transmission line

Methodology Applied

Scientific EffectElectromagnetic radiation recirculation:

Implementation Method 3

the antenna may radiate electromagnetic radiation at a frequency greater than 100 MHz about a voltage greater than 5 kV

Methodology Applied

Scientific EffectElectromagnetic radiation:

Data Source

PatentUS10666198B2Efficient high power microwave generation using recirculating pulses

Publication Date: 2020.05.26 EHT VENTURES LLC

AI summary

A high frequency electromagnetic radiation generation device is disclosed that includes a high voltage input, a nonlinear transmission line, an antenna, and a pulse recirculating circuit. In some embodiments, the high voltage input may be configured to receive electrical pulses having a first peak voltage that is greater than 5 kV, and/or may be electrically coupled with the nonlinear transmission line. The antenna may be electrically coupled with the nonlinear transmission line and/or may radiate electromagnetic radiation at a frequency greater than 100 MHz about a voltage greater than 5 kV. The pulse recirculating may be electrically coupled with the high voltage input and the antenna. The pulse recirculating circuit may include a diode; a low pass filter; and a delay line. In some embodiments, unradiated energy from the antenna is directed through the pulse recirculating circuit to the nonlinear transmission line with a delay of less than 100 ns.