Pulsed Gas Filling Control for High-Pressure Tank Safety

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Solution Overview

Problem

The rapid filling of high-pressure gas containers, such as those on vehicles, poses challenges due to quasi-adiabatic gas compression, which causes temperature increases that can damage the tank structure, requiring precise control of filling processes to prevent overheating without the need for expensive high-pressure control valves.

Innovation Solution

A method and device that control the filling of pressurized gas containers by creating a fluidic passage between a high-pressure source and the container, with opening and closing sequences during predetermined time sub-intervals to maintain an instantaneous pressure curve that closely follows a theoretical straight line connecting initial and final pressures, using a valve with 'all or nothing' operation, eliminating the need for flow or temperature control valves.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Productivity

If the filling flow rate is increased to reduce filling time, then productivity is improved, but the temperature of the gas rises rapidly causing harmful thermal effects on the tank structure

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvefilling speedVSAvoidtemperature rise
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The filling process uses periodic opening and closing sequences of the fluidic passage during predetermined time sub-intervals. This pulsed filling approach allows the system to achieve high overall filling rates while providing thermal relief periods, preventing excessive temperature rise in the tank during the closing intervals.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #19Periodic action

2Temperature

If a high pressure control valve is used to control filling flow rate and temperature, then temperature control is improved, but device complexity and cost increase significantly

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvefilling temperature controlVSAvoidcontrol valve system
Core Design Contradiction:
TemperatureVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The invention extracts the temperature control function from the traditional high-pressure control valve system. By using periodic opening/closing sequences of a simple valve rather than continuous modulation, the system achieves temperature control without requiring expensive high-pressure control valves with flow modulation capabilities.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Solution Approach 2:

The filling process is segmented into multiple predetermined time sub-intervals with opening and closing sequences. This temporal segmentation replaces the need for continuous flow control, achieving temperature management through discrete timing control rather than continuous valve modulation.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

3Temperature

If the filling process is interrupted to control temperature, then temperature control is improved, but filling time increases reducing productivity

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvetemperature controlVSAvoidfilling time
Core Design Contradiction:
TemperatureVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

Instead of interrupting the filling process, the invention uses periodic opening and closing sequences that maintain continuous connection between source and container. The closing intervals provide thermal control while the opening intervals continue filling, achieving both temperature control and high productivity without process interruption.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #19Periodic action

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This approach allows for efficient filling while maintaining the tank's temperature within safe limits, avoiding overheating and reducing the need for expensive control valves, ensuring the final pressure and temperature are within operational limits, thus ensuring the safety and efficiency of the filling process.

Implementation Method 1

Due to the quasi-adiabatic nature of the gas compression in the tanks and the high final pressures, the temperature of the gas inside the tanks rises rapidly

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectAdiabatic heating: Adiabatic Heating

Data Source

PatentEP1974164B1Method and device for filling pressure gas containers
Publication Date: 2011.06.01 LAIR LIQUIDE SA POUR LETUDE & LEXPLOITATION DES PROCEDES GEORGES CLAUDE
  • EP1974164B1 patent drawingFigure 1~3

AI summary

The inventive method for filling a pressure gas container (1) from a gas source (2) pressure with a high pressure (Phs) for a predetermined filling time (Dab) selected or calculated prior to filling and at a determined temperature (T) consists in forming a connection in the form of a fluid passage (3) between the source (2) and container (1), in carrying out a plurality of the passage opening (O)-closing (F) sequences during predetermined sub-intervals (dti) of the predetermined filling time (Dab), wherein the curve (C1, C2) of a current pressure (Pci) in the container (1) follows, according to a time (t), a theoretical straight line (AB) linking the pressure measured prior to filling (Pci) and after (Psf) thereof during the filling time (Dab), the predetermined filling time (Dab) is subdivided into a number of the time sub-intervals (dti) ranging from two to several hundreds and having respective determined duration, preferably ranging from 5 and 20 seconds.