Quantum Signal Router Using Diplexers to Cut Cryogenic Input Lines
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Solution Overview
Problem
The increasing number of qubit-readout resonators in superconducting quantum processors leads to an increase in microwave components, volume, noise, weight, thermal load, and cost, making it challenging to efficiently operate within dilution refrigerators.
Innovation Solution
A router architecture that reduces the number of input lines and microwave components by using frequency-division-multiplexing components, separating qubit and readout signals, and combining them using diplexers, thereby reducing noise and thermal load, and allowing for separate optimization of input lines.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If the number of qubit-readout resonators is increased to enhance quantum processing capability, then the computational power is improved, but the number of input lines and microwave components increases leading to increased noise and thermal load
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines multiple input lines into fewer input lines by implementing a router architecture that multiplexes signals. Multiple qubit and readout resonators share common input lines through the router, reducing the total number of input lines entering the dilution refrigerator while maintaining the ability to address individual resonators.
Solution Approach 2:
The router provides multi-functional signal distribution, allowing a single input line to serve multiple qubit and readout resonators. The router can dynamically route signals to different resonators based on frequency or control signals, enabling one input line to perform the function of multiple separate lines.
2Ease of operation
If separate input lines are used for each qubit and readout resonator to simplify signal distribution, then the ease of operation is improved, but the device complexity and number of microwave components increase
Solution Approach 1:
The router acts as an intermediary device between the input lines and the qubit/readout resonators. It receives signals from reduced number of input lines and distributes them to the appropriate resonators, simplifying the external connection while managing the internal signal routing complexity within the router itself.
Solution Approach 2:
The router segments the signal distribution function into distinct routing paths for qubit signals and readout signals. By separating the routing logic and using frequency-division multiplexing, the router manages complexity internally while presenting a simplified interface externally.
3Productivity
If more input lines are installed to accommodate increased number of resonators, then the quantum processing capability is improved, but the volume, weight, and cost of the dilution refrigerator system increase
Solution Approach 1:
Multiple input lines are merged into fewer input lines through the router architecture. The router combines signals from multiple resonators onto fewer transmission lines, reducing the total weight of cables, connectors, and supporting structures in the dilution refrigerator system.
4Object-affected harmful factors
If the number of input lines is reduced using frequency-division-multiplexing, then the noise and thermal load are decreased, but the device complexity increases due to frequency-division-multiplexing components
Solution Approach 1:
The router uses frequency-division multiplexing to distinguish between different signals on the same physical line. By assigning different frequency bands to different resonators or signal types, the system reduces the number of physical lines while managing signal separation through frequency parameter control.
Data Source
AI summary
A technique relates to a router. The router includes a qubit signal distributor, a readout signal distributor, and diplexers communicatively coupled to the qubit signal distributor and the readout signal distributor.