RACH Preamble Extraction via Reused Symbol FFT and Phase Adjustment

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Solution Overview

Problem

The conventional super FFT method for processing unsynchronized signals with a RACH preamble in LTE systems is resource-intensive and error-prone, especially under loaded conditions, due to the need for large data buffering and computation, which impacts both RACH preamble and normal traffic processing.

Innovation Solution

The method employs symbol FFTs already used in normal uplink traffic processing to extract RACH subcarriers, followed by a small FFT to obtain the RACH subcarriers, reducing resource usage and improving error rates by using a coarser FFT resolution and phase adjustments to compensate for cyclic prefix gaps.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If a super FFT method is used to process unsynchronized signals with RACH preamble, then the RACH preamble can be extracted from the signal, but the data buffering and computational resources required increase significantly, especially under loaded conditions

Engineering Contradiction:
ImproveRACH preamble extraction accuracyVSAvoiddata buffering and computational resources
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSQuantity of substance

Solution Approach 1:

The patent segments the RACH preamble extraction process into multiple stages: first performing a coarse FFT to identify potential RACH signals, then applying selective processing only to relevant time-frequency regions. This segmentation avoids the need for a single large super FFT operation, reducing both memory buffering requirements and computational complexity while maintaining extraction accuracy

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

Instead of applying full super FFT processing to the entire signal bandwidth and duration, the patent applies partial processing by identifying and focusing computational resources only on specific subcarriers and time slots where RACH preambles are likely to be present. This partial action approach reduces the quantity of data that needs to be buffered and processed while still reliably extracting RACH preambles

Inventive Principle:
Principle #16Partial or excessive action

2Measurement precision

If a super FFT method is used for RACH preamble processing, then complete signal analysis is achieved, but the processing time and computational load increase, impacting both RACH and normal traffic processing

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesignal analysis completenessVSAvoidprocessing time
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The patent divides the signal processing into segmented stages where a coarse initial analysis identifies candidate regions, followed by focused processing only in those regions. This segmentation enables complete signal analysis to be achieved through multiple targeted passes rather than a single exhaustive super FFT, reducing overall processing time

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The patent performs preliminary coarse FFT analysis before the final RACH detection stage to pre-identify potential RACH signal locations and characteristics. This preliminary action provides guidance for subsequent processing, allowing the system to achieve complete analysis with reduced computational load and faster processing by avoiding unnecessary analysis of non-RACH signal regions

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

3Productivity

If symbol FFTs are reused for both RACH and PUSCH processing, then resource efficiency is improved, but the FFT resolution is coarser requiring phase adjustments to compensate for cyclic prefix gaps

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveresource efficiencyVSAvoidsignal processing accuracy
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSManufacturing precision

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements multi-functionality by using the same symbol FFT processing block for both RACH preamble detection and PUSCH (normal traffic) processing. This universal processing approach improves resource efficiency by eliminating duplicate FFT computations while maintaining accurate signal processing through shared algorithms and data structures

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent compensates for the coarser FFT resolution by dynamically adjusting phase parameters to account for cyclic prefix gaps. By changing phase parameters based on detected signal characteristics and known cyclic prefix structures, the system maintains manufacturing precision (signal processing accuracy) despite using a coarser, more efficient FFT resolution

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Data Source

PatentEP2924939B1RACH reception by repeated use of data FFT and an IFFT followed by concatenation of the resulting time signals
Publication Date: 2016.08.31 TELEFONAKTIEBOLAGET LM ERICSSON (PUBL)
  • EP2924939B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP2924939B1 patent drawingFigure 2~3
  • EP2924939B1 patent drawingFigure 4~5

AI summary

Methods and devices for extracting a random access channel (RACH) preamble are provided using as input a number of Fast Fourier Transformed (FFT) symbols, in order to extract the RACH preamble from a signal received in a base station from a user device in a radio communication system. An initial cyclic prefix (symbol CP) is removed prior to performing FFT on symbols. A phase adjustment is performed to compensate for group delays due to symbol CP gaps occurring when generating the baseband signal, the phase adjustment being determined individually for each symbol.