Rack-Mounted Fire Extinguishing Sheet for Battery Fire Containment
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Solution Overview
Problem
There is a risk of fire propagation and increased surface temperature in adjacent racks of energy storage systems, which can lead to catastrophic failures.
Innovation Solution
The energy storage system incorporates a fire extinguishing sheet coupled to the horizontal frames of the rack, which releases a fire extinguishing agent at a reference temperature to suppress flame propagation and surface temperature increases in adjacent racks.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Area of stationary object
If battery cells are stored in racks with high density, then space utilization is improved, but fire propagation risk to adjacent racks increases
Solution Approach 1:
A water storage bag is positioned between adjacent racks to serve as an intermediary fire suppression system. The water storage bag contains water that can be released to suppress fires and prevent flame propagation between racks, while maintaining high space utilization in the battery storage system.
Solution Approach 2:
The fire protection system is segmented by placing individual water storage bags between specific racks rather than implementing a continuous fire suppression system. This segmented approach allows for targeted fire suppression while maintaining space efficiency and allowing proper airflow for battery cooling.
2Reliability
If fire suppression systems are added to racks, then fire safety is improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The water storage bag system operates autonomously without requiring external control systems, sensors, or active monitoring. The bag passively stores water and can be deployed to suppress fires, eliminating the need for complex fire detection and control systems while maintaining reliable fire protection.
Solution Approach 2:
The water storage bag uses simple, inexpensive materials and can be replaced if needed rather than requiring maintenance of complex mechanical or electronic fire suppression systems. This disposable approach reduces system complexity while providing effective fire safety.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution effectively prevents flame propagation and suppresses surface temperature increases in adjacent racks, thereby enhancing the safety and reliability of energy storage systems.
Implementation Method 1
The fire extinguishing sheet may include a cover formed of a resin and a fire extinguishing agent dispersed inside the cover
Implementation Method 2
the fire extinguishing sheet is configured to release a fire extinguishing agent to the battery module at a reference temperature
Data Source
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AI summary
An energy storage system includes: a rack including horizontal frames arranged at intervals in a vertical direction and having a length in a horizontal direction, vertical frames arranged at intervals in the horizontal direction, having a length in the vertical direction, and coupled to the horizontal frames, and guide rails coupled to inner sides of the horizontal frames and extending in an inward direction of the rack; a battery module mounted on the guide rails; and a fire extinguishing sheet coupled to the horizontal frames. The fire extinguishing sheet is configured to release a fire extinguishing agent to the battery module at a reference temperature.