Railway Vehicle Charging System Contact Quality Control

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing systems for supplying electrical energy to railway vehicles do not effectively detect poor contact quality between charging points and capture devices before an electric arc occurs, leading to potential fires and lack of safety measures for continued use during maintenance.

Innovation Solution

A system that includes energy storage elements, charging points, a pickup member, and a controller capable of measuring and analyzing electrical quantities such as contact resistance and voltage variations to adapt the charging operation, ensuring safe and efficient energy transfer by adjusting the charging current based on contact quality.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Productivity

If high charging current is used for rapid recharging, then charging speed is improved, but the risk of electric arc and contact damage increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecharging speedVSAvoidcontact quality
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The system performs preliminary measurement of contact resistance before initiating high-current charging. The controller measures the resistance between the sensor and charging point, compares it to a threshold, and only allows high-current charging when contact quality is sufficient, preventing electric arcs before they occur.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The system continuously monitors contact resistance during charging operations and provides feedback to the controller. Based on this feedback, the controller dynamically adjusts the charging current to maintain safe operating conditions while maximizing charging speed when contact quality is good.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

2Reliability

If continuous monitoring of contact quality is implemented, then safety is improved, but system complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
ImprovesafetyVSAvoidmonitoring system complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The system uses the existing charging current path to measure contact resistance by applying Ohm's law (R=V/I). It utilizes the charging voltage and current measurements already taken for charging control to calculate contact resistance, eliminating the need for separate dedicated measurement hardware and simplifying the monitoring system.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

3Reliability

If charging operation is stopped when poor contact is detected, then prevention of electric arc is improved, but charging efficiency decreases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvearc preventionVSAvoidcharging efficiency
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The controller dynamically adjusts the charging current based on real-time contact resistance measurements. When contact resistance exceeds the threshold, the current is reduced to a lower safe value rather than completely stopping charging. This allows the system to maintain charging operation at reduced efficiency while preventing harmful electric arcs.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The system prevents electric arcs by adapting the charging operation according to contact quality, allowing for preventive maintenance and safe continued use of the vehicle, even if an arc is detected, by adjusting the charging current based on measured resistance and voltage thresholds.

Implementation Method 1

The controller is capable of analyzing at least one characteristic quantity of the quality of the contact between the sensor and the charging point(s), provided by the measuring means. characterized in that said at least one characteristic quantity that the controller is capable of analyzing is an electrical quantity.

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectrical Resistance: Electrical Resistance

Implementation Method 2

If there is poor contact between the sensor and the charging point, for example, if one or the other is damaged, an electric arc can occur between the sensor and the charging point.

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectric Arc: Electric Arc

Data Source

PatentEP3909806A1System for supplying electrical energy of a vehicle, in particular a railway vehicle, and method for supplying railway energy including such a system
Publication Date: 2021.11.17 ALSTOM HOLDINGS SA
  • EP3909806A1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3909806A1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3909806A1 patent drawing

AI summary

This electrical power supply system (4) for a vehicle (2) moving on a track (3) comprises energy storage elements (42); charging points (46) located near the track, powered by an infrastructure (44) providing a charging current; a collection device (48) mounted on the vehicle and connected to the storage element and the charging points, enabling the transmission of the charging current to the energy storage element; means (56) for measuring a characteristic quantity of the quality of the contact between the collection device and the charging points; and a controller (50) adapted to analyze this characteristic quantity. According to the invention, the characteristic quantity that the controller is adapted to analyze is an electrical quantity, and the controller is adapted to adjust the charging operation according to this characteristic quantity.