Rapid Enterobacteriaceae Detection Using Multiplex Antibody Reactions
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional methods for detecting Enterobacteriaceae bacteria in food, beverage, and environmental samples are time-consuming and lack specificity, particularly in distinguishing these bacteria from eukaryotic cells and other bacterial species.
Innovation Solution
A method utilizing antigen-antibody reactions with a combination of generic and specific antibodies to simultaneously detect multiple genera of Enterobacteriaceae bacteria, employing monoclonal antibodies with specific amino acid sequences for rapid and accurate detection.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If the culture method is used to detect Enterobacteriaceae bacteria, then the detection is comprehensive and accurate, but the detection time is long (several days to a week) and requires culture facilities
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces the mechanical culture system with an immunological detection system using antibodies that specifically bind to Enterobacteriaceae bacteria. This substitution eliminates the need for culture facilities and extends the detection time from several days to a much shorter period while maintaining detection accuracy.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the detection parameter from measuring bacterial growth (culture method) to measuring antigen-antibody binding (immunological method). This parameter change allows for rapid detection without the time-consuming culture process, while the specific antibodies ensure accurate identification of Enterobacteriaceae bacteria.
2Loss of time
If the ATP method is used to detect bacteria, then the detection is rapid, but the selectivity is poor because ATP is present in all bacterial cells and eukaryotic cells
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces antibodies as intermediary substances that specifically recognize and bind to antigens unique to Enterobacteriaceae bacteria. This intermediary layer provides the necessary selectivity that is missing in the direct ATP method, while maintaining the rapid detection capability.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies local quality by using antibodies with specific binding properties targeted at particular antigens present only in Enterobacteriaceae bacteria. This localized specificity allows the method to distinguish Enterobacteriaceae from other bacteria and eukaryotic cells, solving the selectivity problem of the ATP method.
3Adaptability or versatility
If conventional methods are used to detect multiple bacterial genera, then comprehensive detection is achieved, but the process is complex and time-consuming
Solution Approach 1:
The patent creates a universal detection system using antibodies that can detect multiple genera of Enterobacteriaceae bacteria (such as Escherichia, Klebsiella, Citrobacter, Enterobacter, Proteus, and Salmonella) through a single immunological assay platform. This multi-functional approach allows comprehensive detection of various bacterial genera without requiring separate detection processes for each genus, thereby reducing overall complexity.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables rapid and efficient detection of Enterobacteriaceae bacteria in various samples, improving sensitivity and accuracy by distinguishing between different bacterial genera and reducing false positives.
Implementation Method 1
simultaneous detection of the presence and/or amount of Enterobacteriaceae bacteria of two or more different genera in the sample based on antigen-antibody reactions
Data Source
Figure 1
AI summary
Provided is a method that enables the presence and/or amount of bacteria of Enterobacteriaceae in a food/drink sample, an environmental sample, or a biological sample to be detected easily and efficiently in a short amount of time. Said method includes a step for simultaneously detecting, on the basis of an antigen-antibody reaction, the presence and/or amount of bacteria of Enterobacteriaceae of at least two different genera in a sample.