Receiver-Managed Synchronization for Distributed Memory Latency

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Solution Overview

Problem

The existing synchronization mechanisms in Partitioned Global Address Space (PGAS) programming models, such as initiator-managed protocols, suffer from high latencies and low throughput due to inefficient data access management between processing elements.

Innovation Solution

Implementing a receiver-managed synchronization mechanism using network-level events and one-sided communication operations, which allows processing elements to perform asynchronous data transfers and generate application-visible events for synchronization, thereby reducing communication overhead and enhancing efficiency.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If initiator-managed synchronization protocol is used, then processing elements can synchronize data accesses, but high latencies and low throughput occur due to inefficient remote management

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesynchronization correctnessVSAvoidthroughput
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent inverts the traditional initiator-managed synchronization model by implementing receiver-managed synchronization. Instead of the initiator processing element remotely managing synchronization structures at the receiver, the receiver processing element autonomously manages its own synchronization structures and generates completion events, eliminating the need for inefficient remote management operations.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #13The other way round (Inversion)

Solution Approach 2:

The receiver processing element serves itself by autonomously managing synchronization structures, tracking data transfer completions, and generating completion events without requiring continuous intervention from the initiator. This self-service approach eliminates remote management overhead and improves throughput.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

2Reliability

If initiator-managed synchronization protocol is used, then data access synchronization is achieved, but high latencies occur due to remote management overhead

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesynchronization correctnessVSAvoidlatency
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The patent reverses the management responsibility from initiator to receiver. The receiver processing element directly manages synchronization structures and generates completion events locally, eliminating the round-trip communication latency inherent in initiator-managed protocols where the initiator must remotely update and query synchronization structures.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #13The other way round (Inversion)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent introduces a local synchronization management intermediary at the receiver side that handles completion tracking and event generation. This intermediary eliminates the need for direct remote management communication between initiator and receiver, reducing latency by localizing the synchronization management functions.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

3Productivity

If receiver-managed synchronization mechanism is implemented, then throughput is improved through asynchronous operations, but system complexity increases due to network-level events management

Engineering Contradiction:
ImprovethroughputVSAvoidsynchronization mechanism complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements a universal event management mechanism that handles multiple synchronization operations (data transfers, completions, notifications) through a unified network-level event system. This multi-functional approach manages complexity by providing consistent event handling interfaces for various synchronization operations rather than requiring separate mechanisms for each operation type.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Solution Approach 2:

The system implements feedback mechanisms through completion events that automatically notify processing elements when data transfers are complete. This feedback loop provides structured information about synchronization state without requiring complex query mechanisms, simplifying the management of asynchronous operations while maintaining high throughput.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

Data Source

PatentEP3234786B1Scalable synchronization mechanism for distributed memory
Publication Date: 2021.07.07 INTEL CORP
  • EP3234786B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3234786B1 patent drawingFigure 2~3
  • EP3234786B1 patent drawingFigure 4~5

AI summary

A method comprising receiving control information at a first processing element from a second processing element, synchronizing objects within a shared global memory space of the first processing element with a shared global memory space of a second processing element in response to receiving the control information and generating a completion event indicating the first processing element has been synchronized with the second processing element.