Reverse Conducting Power Semiconductor Device With Segmented Cathode

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Solution Overview

Problem

Reverse conducting power semiconductor devices face challenges in achieving uniform turn-on and turn-off, maximum controllable current, and low on-state voltage, leading to inefficiencies and potential overheating.

Innovation Solution

The design includes specific outer cathode layer regions near diode cells, optimized plasma distribution, and an interdigitated arrangement of gate commutated thyristor and diode cells to enhance current controllability and reduce conduction losses, with the width of outer cathode layers ranging from 20% to 75% of intermediate layers, and a ratio of diode cells to cathode layers between 1:3 to 1:5.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Device complexity

If a single freewheeling diode part is used in RC-IGCT design, then device complexity is reduced, but thermal resistance increases due to concentrated heat in one area

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedevice complexityVSAvoidthermal resistance
Core Design Contradiction:
Device complexityVSTemperature

Solution Approach 1:

The diode function is segmented into multiple distributed diode cells (12) alternating with GCT cells (2) across the wafer. This segmentation distributes the heat generation across multiple locations rather than concentrating it in a single diode area, thereby reducing thermal resistance while maintaining the reverse conducting function.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The GCT cells (2) and diode cells (12) are merged into a single integrated wafer (1) with alternating arrangement. This merging allows heat from GCT cells to spread into diode cell regions and vice versa, improving thermal management while maintaining electrical functionality of both device types.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

2Power

If outer cathode layer regions are made wider to improve current handling, then maximum controllable current increases, but on-state voltage increases leading to higher conduction losses

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemaximum controllable currentVSAvoidconduction losses
Core Design Contradiction:
PowerVSLoss of energy

Solution Approach 1:

The cathode layer structure is designed with varying local qualities: outer cathode layer regions (34b) have different widths (20%-75% of intermediate layers) compared to intermediate regions (34a). This local variation optimizes plasma distribution and current handling in different areas, allowing high maximum controllable current while minimizing on-state voltage and conduction losses.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

3Loss of energy

If plasma distribution is improved for lower on-state voltage, then conduction losses decrease, but uniformity of turn-on and turn-off becomes more challenging

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveconduction lossesVSAvoiduniformity of turn-on and turn-off
Core Design Contradiction:
Loss of energyVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The cathode layer is segmented into multiple regions (outer regions 34b and intermediate regions 34a) with different width characteristics. This segmentation creates optimized plasma distribution patterns that simultaneously achieve low on-state voltage and uniform plasma extraction during turn-off, resolving the contradiction between energy loss and switching uniformity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The width parameter of cathode layer regions is changed systematically: outer regions (34b) have widths of 20%-75% of intermediate regions (34a). This parameter variation optimizes both plasma distribution for low conduction losses and plasma extraction uniformity for reliable turn-off, achieving both goals simultaneously.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This configuration increases maximum controllable current by up to 27% and reduces conduction losses by 4.5% compared to existing BGCT designs, ensuring uniform plasma extraction and improved current handling while maintaining efficient heat distribution.

Implementation Method 1

optimized plasma distribution

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPlasma distribution: Plasma

Implementation Method 2

uniform plasma extraction from the gate electrodes

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPlasma extraction: Plasma

Implementation Method 3

heat is distributed more uniformly in the wafer

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectThermal conduction: Conduction (thermal)

Data Source

PatentEP3073530B1Reverse conducting power semiconductor device
Publication Date: 2017.05.03 ABB (SCHWEIZ) AG
  • EP3073530B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3073530B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3073530B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

A reverse-conducting power semiconductor is provided. It comprises a plurality of diode cells (312) and a plurality of gate commutated thyristor (GCT) cells (32). Each GCT cell (32) comprises first cathode layer (34), wherein the first cathode layer (34) of each GCT cell (32) includes at least three cathode layer regions (34a, 34b), which are separated from each other by a base layer (35), wherein in orthogonal projection onto a plane parallel to the first main side (41) each one of the cathode layer regions (34a, 34b) is strip-shaped with a length in a direction along a longitudinal axis thereof and a width (w, w') in a direction vertical to the longitudinal axis, wherein the diode cells (312) alternate with the GCT cells (32) in a lateral direction in at least a mixed part, wherein in each GCT cell (32), the width (w') of each one of the two outer cathode layer regions (34b) next to a diode cell (312) neighbouring to that GCT cell (32) is less than the width (w) of any intermediate cathode layer region (34a) between the two outer cathode layer regions (34b) in that GCT cell (32).