Reverse Force Mechanism With Constant Non-Zero Operating Force
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing devices with positive spring constants face challenges in achieving high-speed operation with variable operating forces and precise control due to complex structures and discontinuous operation characteristics.
Innovation Solution
A reverse force mechanism is introduced, combining a device with a positive spring constant, utilizing a toggle mechanism with a single negative elastic section to adjust operating forces through a negative spring constant, ensuring a simplified and downsized structure with constant, non-zero operating forces.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Speed
If a device with a positive spring constant is used to provide operating force, then the operating force increases linearly with displacement, but the operating force cannot be reduced or made constant to facilitate high speed operation
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the spring constant parameter from positive to negative by using an inverted pendulum mechanism. The negative spring constant allows the operating force to be reduced or made constant, enabling high speed operation. The equation F = -kx (where k is negative) demonstrates this parameter change that facilitates faster operation by controlling the force characteristic.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent inverts the traditional spring mechanism by using an inverted pendulum structure. Instead of a conventional spring that resists displacement, the inverted pendulum generates a negative spring constant effect where the restoring force acts in the opposite direction, allowing the operating force to be reduced or made constant for high speed operation.
2Force
If a complex mechanism is used to adjust operating force, then the operating force can be adjusted, but the structure becomes complicated and upsized
Solution Approach 1:
The inverted pendulum mechanism serves multiple functions simultaneously: it provides the negative spring constant effect, adjusts the operating force, and maintains a compact structure. This multi-functional design eliminates the need for separate force adjustment mechanisms, thereby reducing overall structural complexity while achieving force control.
Solution Approach 2:
By changing the spring constant parameter to negative through the inverted pendulum geometry, the system achieves force adjustment without complex mechanical linkages. The parameter change approach simplifies the structure compared to traditional multi-component force adjustment mechanisms.
3Speed
If the operating force is reduced to facilitate high speed operation, then high speed operation is enabled, but the operating force may become zero causing discontinuous operation and stagnation
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies partial action by reducing the operating force to an optimal level rather than eliminating it completely. The negative spring constant provides just enough force to maintain continuous operation and prevent stagnation, enabling high speed operation without excessive force that would slow the system down.
Solution Approach 2:
The inverted pendulum mechanism provides inherent feedback through its dynamic behavior. As the system moves, the pendulum's position changes automatically adjust the operating force, ensuring continuous operation without stagnation. This self-regulating feedback mechanism maintains operational reliability while enabling high speed performance.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables high-speed operation with precise control by maintaining a constant operating force and eliminating operational stagnation, allowing for accurate response to instructions.
Implementation Method 1
a reverse force spring (24) having a spring constant 24a
Implementation Method 2
forming electrostatic capacitance between the movable electrode 76 and the fixed electrode 75
Data Source
AI summary
A reverse force mechanism includes a main shaft, a main link, a movable shaft, an actuating link, a slider, an actuating shaft, a spring link, and a spring shaft. A reverse force spring is attached to the spring link. The spring shaft is fixed to a position a dimension away in a direction parallel to the slider from a base point on an extension of a line segment from the main shaft to the movable shaft when in an inserted state in which the movable shaft is farthest from a line connecting the main shaft and the actuating shaft. The dimension is set such that a resultant operating force is constant at a non-zero value. An angle between the actuating link and the slider is set to be variable within a range of 25° to 85° during operation.