Ring Stack Ion Accelerator Field Homogenization

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Solution Overview

Problem

In mass spectrometry, ring stacked accelerators face challenges in maintaining a homogeneous electric field, especially when the field switches on and off, leading to variations in ion acceleration and decreased resolving power due to parasitic capacitances and time-dependent charging, which affect the precision of ion focusing and mass calibration.

Innovation Solution

The implementation of a single compensation capacitor and careful selection of capacitance values to create a capacitor voltage divider in parallel with the resistor voltage divider, ensuring equal electrical impedances across plates and compensating for parasitic capacitances, results in a more uniform electric field and improved RF performance.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Productivity

If the electric field switches on and off rapidly in the ring stacked accelerator, then the time-of-flight mass spectrometry can be performed with pulsed ions, but the field homogeneity deteriorates due to parasitic capacitances and time-dependent charging

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvepulsed ion acceleration capabilityVSAvoidelectric field homogeneity
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSManufacturing precision

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies preliminary action by pre-charging the field homogenization plates through a resistive voltage divider network before the rapid switching phase. This initial charging establishes a baseline voltage distribution that compensates for parasitic capacitances, ensuring that when the field switches on and off rapidly, the voltage division remains accurate and field homogeneity is maintained throughout the pulsed operation cycle

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The patent implements feedback through the resistive voltage divider network connected to the field homogenization plates. The resistors provide a feedback path that continuously adjusts the voltage distribution across the plates during switching operations, counteracting the effects of parasitic capacitances and time-dependent charging to maintain consistent field homogeneity across multiple pulse cycles

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

2Ease of operation

If the plate spacing Z is increased to allow ion passage, then the accelerator can accommodate ion trajectories, but the field penetration from edges increases and destroys field homogeneity

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveion passage capabilityVSAvoidelectric field homogeneity
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSManufacturing precision

Solution Approach 1:

The patent introduces field homogenization plates as intermediary elements between the main accelerator plates. These intermediate plates are connected through resistive voltage divider networks that actively compensate for edge effects and field penetration. The intermediaries create a buffered transition zone that maintains field homogeneity while allowing adequate spacing for ion passage through the accelerator structure

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

3Ease of manufacture

If Ohm's law is applied to the voltage division in the ring stacked accelerator, then the voltage division can be calculated using resistance values, but the calculation becomes inaccurate during rapid switching due to capacitive effects dominating

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvevoltage division calculation simplicityVSAvoidvoltage division accuracy
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSMeasurement precision

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies parameter changes by transitioning from purely resistive parameter considerations to combined resistive-capacitive parameter optimization. The resistive voltage divider network is designed with specific resistance values that, when combined with the inherent capacitances of the accelerator structure, create a balanced RC network. This allows accurate voltage division during rapid switching by accounting for both resistance and capacitance effects in the voltage distribution calculation

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This solution enhances the homogeneity of the electric field within the ring stacked accelerator, leading to better time-of-flight mass analysis with improved mass resolution and reduced variations in ion flight times, resulting in higher precision and fidelity in ion detection.

Implementation Method 1

the voltage division will depend mostly on the capacitance values between all the plates and between the plates and the surrounding environment

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectCapacitance: Capacitance

Implementation Method 2

compensating for parasitic capacitances

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectParasitic capacitance: Parasitic Capacitance

Implementation Method 3

the potential can be applied to the field homogenization plates by a resistive voltage divider network. In this mode, Ohms law will apply

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectOhm's law: Ohm's Law

Implementation Method 4

The targeted atoms or molecules are ionized and introduced into a mass spectrometer in the gas phase. The ionized atoms or molecules (ions) are separated according to their charge-to-mass ratio

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectric field: Electric Field

Implementation Method 5

ions are subjected to constant energy acceleration

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectLorentz force: Lorentz Force

Data Source

PatentEP3090608B1Homogenization of the pulsed electric field created in a ring stack ion accelerator
Publication Date: 2021.09.01 DH TECH DEVMENT PTE
  • EP3090608B1 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP3090608B1 patent drawingFigure 3~4
  • EP3090608B1 patent drawingFigure 5~6

AI summary

A ring stacked accelerator for use in a mass spectrometer includes a plurality of ring shaped plates arranged in a stack and is electrically coupled to a voltage divider that allows a substantially homogeneous electric field to be produced when the stack is energized. The voltage divider can include resistors and capacitors, where the capacitors are chosen to compensate for parasitic capacitances experienced by the plates. The ring stacked accelerator can be energized using an RF pulse. The ring stack accelerator can include one or more balancing capacitors for correcting effects that cause nonlinearity.