Dual-Section RNA Detection Cartridge for Non-Invasive Liquid Biopsy
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing RNA-associated disease detection methods are invasive, time-consuming, expensive, and require extensive sample preparation, making them impractical for widespread use.
Innovation Solution
A non-invasive device and method using a dual-section design with stacked gelatin layers and CRISPR/Cas13a-based enzymatic composition to detect RNA biomarkers directly from biological fluids, eliminating the need for RNA isolation and amplification.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If conventional RNA detection methods are used, then detection accuracy is improved, but the procedure becomes invasive and time-consuming
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts only the essential detection function from complex conventional methods by using a simplified CRISPR/Cas13a-based assay that directly detects RNA in biological fluids without requiring invasive tissue biopsies or complex sample preparation, thereby maintaining detection accuracy while eliminating invasiveness
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces an intermediary CRISPR/Cas13a detection system that mediates between the biological fluid sample and the detection readout, enabling accurate RNA detection through a non-invasive liquid biopsy approach rather than direct tissue sampling
2Measurement precision
If conventional RNA detection methods are used, then detection accuracy is improved, but the process becomes expensive
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs disposable, low-cost microfluidic cartridges containing CRISPR/Cas13a reagents that can be manufactured at low cost and used single-use, eliminating the need for expensive conventional PCR equipment and reagents while maintaining high detection accuracy through standardized integrated assays
Solution Approach 2:
The patent replaces expensive mechanical PCR amplification systems with a simpler CRISPR-based isothermal amplification system that operates at constant temperature, eliminating the need for expensive thermal cyclers and reducing overall detection costs while maintaining sensitivity and specificity
3Measurement precision
If conventional RNA detection methods are used, then detection accuracy is improved, but the procedure becomes complex
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges multiple separate steps (RNA extraction, amplification, and detection) into a single integrated CRISPR/Cas13a assay that can be performed in one tube or microfluidic device, maintaining detection accuracy while dramatically simplifying the overall procedure and reducing the number of manual operations required
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates a universal CRISPR/Cas13a detection platform that can detect multiple different RNA targets using the same basic assay format and reagents, allowing a single simplified procedure to replace multiple specialized detection methods and reducing overall procedural complexity
4Measurement precision
If conventional RNA detection methods are used, then detection accuracy is improved, but sample preparation time increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent performs preliminary stabilization of RNA in the biological fluid sample using protective reagents included in the CRISPR assay buffer, preventing RNA degradation before detection and eliminating the need for time-consuming cold storage or immediate processing, thereby maintaining detection accuracy while reducing preparation time
Solution Approach 2:
The patent skips the time-consuming RNA extraction and purification steps by using a direct CRISPR/Cas13a detection approach that works on crude biological fluid samples, rushing through the detection process in a single step while maintaining accuracy through the robustness of the CRISPR system against sample impurities
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables rapid, cost-effective, and specific detection of RNA-associated diseases with minimal sample requirements, providing a reliable tool for disease risk assessment and identification.
Implementation Method 1
the second section may comprise at least one unified chamber (104) comprising an enzymatic mixture for identification, and cleaving of the target RNA species from the biological sample
Implementation Method 2
The said device may comprise a light tight compartment (105) comprising a fluorescent excitation source to yield fluorescence in response to presence of a target RNA species
Implementation Method 3
The method may include a step of passing the biological sample in the first section to interact with each of the stacked layers, wherein the enzymes from the biological sample digests and disintegrates each of the stacked layers
Data Source
AI summary
A non-invasive device and method for detecting RNA associated disease based on the activity of the biological sample. The device and method encompass passing of the biological samples through one or more stacked layers in the first section which in turn induced enzymatic activity that is visually monitored. Thus, the capacity of the sample to digest and disintegrate the layers is measured to determine the risk assessment. Further, the same biological sample trickles through the permeable enclosure to the unitized chambers for the analysis. This unitized chamber is further connected to a light tight compartment to quantify miRNA levels present in the biological sample for determining the type of RNA based disease. Thus, the single device herein provides dual functionality of risk assessment and disease detection with minimized amount of sample.