Roughened Copper Foil Electrolytic Process for PCB Adhesion

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing methods struggle to create a roughening layer on copper foils that balances low roughness with high adhesion, which is crucial for fine lines on printed circuit boards.

Innovation Solution

A manufacturing method for a roughened copper foil involves an electrolytic process using an electrolyte solution with specific concentrations of copper ions, sulfate ions, and a coordination compound, such as benzotriazole-based compounds, to form a roughening layer with low roughness and high adhesion.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Strength

If conventional electrolytic processes are used to form a roughening layer on copper foil, then adhesion between copper foil and insulating resin can be improved, but surface roughness increases

Engineering Contradiction:
ImproveadhesionVSAvoidsurface roughness
Core Design Contradiction:
StrengthVSManufacturing precision

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies parameter changes by precisely controlling the concentrations of copper ions (0.1-20 g/L), sulfate ions (30-120 g/L), and coordination compounds (0.1-10 g/L) in the electrolyte solution. By optimizing these chemical parameters and electrolytic conditions (current density 1-120 A/dm², temperature 25-60°C, duration 1-45 seconds), the process forms a roughening layer with controlled surface roughness (Rz ≤ 1.0 μm) while maintaining high adhesion strength (≥ 4.0 lb/in).

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The patent employs composite materials by form a roughening layer composed of copper nodules with specific microstructure. The roughening layer is a composite structure where copper nodules are formed through controlled nucleation and growth in the electrolyte solution, creating a hierarchical microstructure that simultaneously provides mechanical interlocking for adhesion and controlled roughness for fine line applications.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

2Manufacturing precision

If the roughening layer is made finer to support fine lines on PCBs, then manufacturing precision is improved, but adhesion strength deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesurface roughnessVSAvoidadhesion
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSStrength

Solution Approach 1:

The patent resolves this contradiction by implementing a two-stage electrolytic process with different copper ion concentrations. The first stage uses lower copper ion concentration (0.1-10 g/L) to form fine copper nodules with controlled roughness, while the second stage uses higher copper ion concentration (1-20 g/L) to enhance adhesion strength. This sequential parameter adjustment enables simultaneous achievement of fine surface finish and high adhesion.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The patent applies periodic action through the two-stage electrolytic process where each stage has distinct operational parameters. The first electrolytic process and second electrolytic process are performed sequentially with different copper ion concentrations, creating a periodic variation in deposition conditions that first forms fine nodules and then strengthens adhesion, thereby resolving the contradiction between fineness and adhesion.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #19Periodic action

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The method effectively produces a roughening layer with low surface roughness and high peel resistance, enhancing the adhesion between the copper foil and insulating resin, which is essential for fine-line printed circuit boards.

Implementation Method 1

An electrolytic process is performed to form a roughening layer on the copper foil. An electrolyte solution in the electrolytic process includes copper ions, sulfate ions, and a coordination compound.

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectrodeposition: Electrodeposition

Implementation Method 2

An electrolytic process is performed to form a roughening layer on the copper foil. The electrolytic process uses direct current.

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectrolysis: Electrolysis

Implementation Method 3

a coordination compound in a range from 0.1 g/L to 10 g/L. The coordination compound includes a benzotriazole-based compound, a propanesulfonic acid-based compound, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid or a combination thereof.

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectComplexation: Chemical Bonding

Data Source

PatentUS20250092555A1Manufacturing method of roughened copper foil
Publication Date: 2025.03.20 NANYA PLASTICS CORP

AI summary

A manufacturing method of a roughened copper foil includes the following steps. A copper foil is provided. An electrolytic process is performed to form a roughening layer on the copper foil. An electrolyte solution in the electrolysis process includes copper ions in a range from 0.1 g/L to 20 g/L, sulfate ions in a range from 30 g/L to 120 g/L, and a coordination compound in a range from 0.1 g/L to 10 g/L.