Sample and Hold Leakage Compensation via Segmented Capacitors

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Solution Overview

Problem

Leakage current in sample and hold circuits on integrated circuits causes charge buildup or depletion over time, leading to inaccurate representation of initially sampled values, and existing solutions either increase costs or size by enhancing capacitance or design, which are not optimal.

Innovation Solution

A sample and hold circuit design that models leakage current using a second switch and capacitor to compensate for the leakage across the primary switch, allowing for accurate retention of sampled values by subtracting the accumulated charge from the offset circuit, thereby maintaining the initial value.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If the capacitance of the storage capacitor is increased to reduce the effect of leakage current, then the accuracy of stored value is improved, but the size and cost of the integrated circuit increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveaccuracy of stored valueVSAvoidsize of capacitor
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSArea of stationary object

Solution Approach 1:

The patent divides the storage system into two separate capacitors: a main storage capacitor (first capacitor) and a leakage compensation capacitor (second capacitor). The first capacitor holds the sampled value while the second capacitor captures and stores the leakage charge separately. This segmentation allows the main capacitor to be smaller while maintaining accuracy through the compensating action of the second capacitor.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The patent introduces a switching mechanism that acts as an intermediary to manage charge distribution between capacitors. The switch selectively connects and disconnects the capacitors, enabling the system to transfer leakage charge from the first capacitor to the second capacitor, thereby compensating for leakage effects without requiring a large main capacitor.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

2Measurement precision

If the design of the storage capacitor is improved to reduce leakage current effects, then the accuracy of stored value is improved, but the manufacturing cost increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveaccuracy of stored valueVSAvoidmanufacturing cost
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSEase of manufacture

Solution Approach 1:

Instead of designing a single complex high-performance capacitor, the patent segments the function into two simpler capacitors working together. This approach uses standard capacitor designs that are easier and cheaper to manufacture, while achieving the same accuracy goal through the dual-capacitor leakage compensation mechanism.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The patent creates a simplified copy of the storage function using the second capacitor, which specifically handles leakage charge. This copy capacitor can be designed with standard parameters and manufacturing processes, reducing overall manufacturing complexity and cost while maintaining the required precision.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #26Copying

3Measurement precision

If a leakage compensating circuit is added to the sample and hold circuit, then the accuracy of stored value is improved, but the device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveaccuracy of stored valueVSAvoidcircuit complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent segments the leakage compensation function into a separate, dedicated circuit module using a second capacitor and associated switching elements. This modular segmentation isolates the compensation functionality from the main storage circuit, making the overall system more manageable and potentially easier to integrate despite the added components.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The leakage compensating circuit operates continuously during the hold period, automatically capturing and storing leakage charge as it occurs. This continuous operation eliminates the need for complex periodic correction algorithms or additional control logic, simplifying the overall device while maintaining high accuracy.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #20Continuity of useful action

Data Source

PatentEP2166541B1Leakage compensation for sample and hold devices
Publication Date: 2011.06.29 POWER INTEGRATIONS INC
  • EP2166541B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP2166541B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP2166541B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

A sample and hold circuit in one aspect includes first and second switches. The first switch can be coupled to receive an input signal and to sample the input signal using a first capacitor. A first leakage current flows between first and second conductive terminals of the first switch and accumulates as a first leakage charge in the first capacitor. A second leakage current flows between the first and second conductive terminals of the second switch and accumulates as a second leakage charge in the second capacitor. An offset circuit produces a compensated sampled value by subtracting a quantity from a signal developed in response to the held sampled signal and charge accumulated through the first switch, wherein the quantity is developed in response to the accumulated leakage charge in the second capacitor.