Segmented Distributor Pipe for Fluidized Bed Uniformity
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing distributors for fluidized beds fail to effectively distribute a light phase into a reactor containing a fluidized solid with higher density, leading to uneven distribution and temperature differences, particularly in three-phase bubbling fluidized bed reactors and catalyst regeneration processes.
Innovation Solution
A cylindrical pipe with alternating rectangular windows and branches is used to introduce the light phase into the reactor, with a convex knob having notches to break the flow and distribute it radially, ensuring uniform distribution across the reactor section.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Manufacturing precision
If a conventional distributor is used to introduce light phase into fluidized bed, then the light phase is introduced into the reactor, but the distribution is uneven and velocity near introduction point is too high
Solution Approach 1:
The distributor pipe is segmented with multiple rectangular windows at different heights and positions along its length. These windows divide the single high-velocity inlet stream into multiple lower-velocity outlet streams distributed at different radial positions, reducing the velocity near the introduction point while achieving uniform distribution across the reactor cross-section.
Solution Approach 2:
The distributor transitions from a single-point inlet to a distributed multi-point outlet system by adding vertical and radial dimensions. The rectangular windows are positioned at different heights (vertical dimension) and angular positions (radial dimension), creating a three-dimensional distribution pattern that eliminates concentration at a single introduction point.
2Productivity
If light phase is introduced at high velocity, then the light phase can be effectively introduced into the reactor, but the distribution across the reactor cross-section remains uneven
Solution Approach 1:
The single high-velocity inlet is segmented into multiple outlet windows positioned at different heights and radial locations. This segmentation maintains overall introduction efficiency by providing multiple pathways for light phase entry while distributing the flow to achieve uniform coverage across the reactor cross-section.
Solution Approach 2:
Different sections of the distributor pipe provide different local flow characteristics. The rectangular windows at various heights and positions create localized flow patterns tailored to specific radial zones, ensuring that each region of the reactor receives appropriate light phase distribution for uniform overall coverage.
3Device complexity
If conventional distributor design is used, then the structure is simple, but temperature differences and uneven fluidization occur in the reactor
Solution Approach 1:
The distributor employs a segmented design with multiple rectangular windows positioned at different heights along the pipe. This segmentation, while slightly increasing structural complexity, enables uniform light phase distribution that promotes even fluidization and eliminates temperature differences, representing a worthwhile trade-off for achieving homogeneous reactor conditions.
Solution Approach 2:
The distributor design adds vertical and angular dimensions to the flow distribution by positioning windows at multiple heights and radial positions. This multi-dimensional approach ensures comprehensive coverage of the reactor cross-section, promoting uniform fluidization and temperature distribution without requiring complex active control systems.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution achieves improved distribution of the light phase, enhancing fluidization and combustion reactions while reducing temperature differences, with 3D simulations showing better coverage and interaction with the dense phase compared to prior art.
Implementation Method 1
a convex finial (9) which has regularly spaced notches (10) along its lower edge... allowing passage of branches (6) that extend beyond the circumference of said finial (9)
Implementation Method 2
the distribution has the essential role of maintaining the fluidization of the solid in the reactor
Data Source
Figure 1
Figure 2a~2d
Figure 3
AI summary
The present invention describes a device for distributing a light phase within a heavy phase in a reaction chamber (5) containing said heavy phase in the fluidised state, comprising a supply line (1) for the light phase, said line (1) being cylindrical and opening, in the top part of same, through first and second rectangular windows (7, 8) perforated in the side wall of the line (1), the second windows (8) being extended by arms (6) perpendicular to the axis of symmetry of the reaction chamber (5), and the top part of the line (1) being surmounted by a convex knob (9).