Serial Servo System for Mode-Locked Laser Control

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing servo systems face challenges in controlling optical path length and repetition frequency in pulsed lasers, particularly when using multiple mechanisms with different bandwidths and dynamic ranges, which can lead to uncoordinated corrections and inefficiencies.

Innovation Solution

A serial servo system is implemented, where multiple servo channels are driven by a common error signal, with each channel's drive signal forming the error signal for the downstream controller, arranged in order of decreasing bandwidth, using an electro-optic modulator and a piezo-electric transducer to control the optical path length, and optionally a heater, to prevent conflicts and saturation.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Productivity

If multiple servo mechanisms with different bandwidths and dynamic ranges are used to control optical path length, then the control speed and dynamic range are improved, but the mechanisms may conflict with each other and cause saturation

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecontrol speedVSAvoidcontrol stability
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The control system is segmented into multiple independent servo channels, each responsible for a specific bandwidth range. The first servo channel handles high-bandwidth control while the second channel handles low-bandwidth control, preventing conflict and saturation by dividing the control responsibilities.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The patent introduces a hierarchical control dimension where servo channels are arranged in series rather than parallel. Each channel's drive signal becomes the error signal for the next channel, creating a cascaded control structure that operates in the time domain dimension to resolve conflicts.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #17Another dimension (Dimensionality change)

2Adaptability or versatility

If multiple servo mechanisms are used to control optical path length, then the dynamic range is improved, but the device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedynamic rangeVSAvoidsystem complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

Multiple servo mechanisms are merged into a unified serial control architecture where each mechanism operates in a coordinated manner. The electro-optic modulator and piezo-electric transducer are combined in a series configuration, with their control signals derived from the same error signal chain, ensuring coordinated operation despite increased component count.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

3Speed

If fast-responding mechanisms are used for control, then the response speed is improved, but the stroke or dynamic range is limited

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveresponse speedVSAvoidoptical path adjustment range
Core Design Contradiction:
SpeedVSLength of moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The control system uses a nested structure where fast-responding mechanisms (electro-optic modulator) are nested within the control hierarchy of slower mechanisms (piezo-electric transducer). The faster mechanism handles high-frequency corrections while the slower mechanism provides the broader adjustment range, creating a nested control architecture.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #7Nested doll (Nesting)

Solution Approach 2:

The system dynamically allocates control tasks to different mechanisms based on their response characteristics. The electro-optic modulator dynamically handles rapid, small-range adjustments while the piezo-electric transducer dynamically handles slower, large-range adjustments, optimizing the use of each mechanism's capabilities.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This configuration allows each controller to use its full bandwidth, eliminates crosstalk, and stabilizes the laser repetition frequency by coordinating the adjustments of the electro-optic modulator, piezo-electric transducer, and heater, providing fast speed and large dynamic range control.

Implementation Method 1

a first driver circuitry (110, 210) configured to receive the first drive signal and adjust the optical path length with an electro-optic modulator in response to the first drive signal

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectro-optic effect: Electro-Optic Effects

Implementation Method 2

a second driver circuitry (218, 318) configured to receive the second drive signal and adjust the optical path length with a piezo-electric transducer in response to the second drive signal

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPiezo-electric effect: Piezoelectric Effect

Implementation Method 3

a temperature driver circuitry (326) configured to receive the temperature drive signal and adjust the optical path length with a heater in response to the temperature drive signal

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectThermal expansion: Thermal Expansion

Data Source

PatentEP3095163B1Serial servo system and method for controlling an optical path length and a repetition frequency of a mode-locked laser
Publication Date: 2018.02.28 RAYTHEON CO
  • EP3095163B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3095163B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3095163B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

A servo system includes multiple servo channels being driven by a common error signal. Each channel has a controller that receives an error signal and provides a drive signal to a driver. The servo channels are arranged serially, with a drive signal from one controller forming the error signal for a downstream controller. As a result, the downstream controller does not attempt to correct for phase error directly, but instead attempts to keep the upstream driver at or near its operational midpoint. The servo channels can be arranged in order of decreasing controller bandwidth, from fastest to slowest. In contrast with a parallel configuration, in which servo channels all simultaneously receive a common error signal, the serial configuration can allow each controller to use its full bandwidth, can eliminate crosstalk between servo channels, and can prevent saturation of upstream drive signals.