Serotype 9N Glycoconjugates With Controlled Saccharide Sizing
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Solution Overview
Problem
Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 9N polysaccharides are difficult to handle due to their viscosity, and existing vaccines do not induce a robust immune response effectively.
Innovation Solution
Development of Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 9N glycoconjugates through covalent or non-covalent bonding of capsular saccharides to carrier proteins, with optional spacers, using chemical or mechanical sizing to achieve optimal molecular weights and conjugation yields.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If polysaccharide chains are large and viscous (as in serotype 9N), then immune response potential is high, but handling difficulty increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies segmentation by dividing the large polysaccharide chains into smaller oligosaccharide units through controlled hydrolysis. This reduces viscosity and improves handling while preserving immunogenicity, as the oligosaccharides can still elicit robust immune responses when conjugated to carrier proteins.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the molecular size parameter of the polysaccharide from large chains to smaller oligosaccharide units. This parameter change reduces viscosity and handling difficulty while maintaining the immunogenic properties needed for robust immune response through conjugation to carrier proteins.
2Reliability
If polysaccharide chains are large and viscous, then immune response potential is high, but conjugation yield decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments large polysaccharide chains into smaller oligosaccharide units, which improves conjugation yield by making the molecules more accessible and reactive. The smaller units can be more efficiently conjugated to carrier proteins while still maintaining robust immune response capability.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the molecular size parameter from large polysaccharide chains to smaller oligosaccharide units. This parameter optimization simultaneously improves conjugation yield and maintains immunogenicity, resolving the contradiction between productivity and reliability.
3Ease of manufacture
If conventional vaccines are used, then production is simple, but immune response is not robust
Solution Approach 1:
The patent creates composite materials by conjugating oligosaccharide units to carrier proteins. This composite structure combines the immunogenic properties of the polysaccharide with the immunological adjuvant effects of the protein carrier, producing robust immune responses while maintaining relatively simple production processes.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent uses carrier proteins as intermediaries to enhance the immune response to oligosaccharide antigens. The carrier protein acts as a mediator that improves immunogenicity through conjugation, allowing robust immune responses to be achieved without significantly complicating the manufacturing process.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The glycoconjugates generate a more robust immune response and are produced with improved efficiency and operational simplicity.
Implementation Method 1
covalent or non-covalent bonding of capsular saccharides to carrier proteins
Implementation Method 2
covalent or non-covalent bonding of capsular saccharides to carrier proteins
Implementation Method 3
chemical or mechanical sizing to achieve optimal molecular weights and conjugation yields
Implementation Method 4
chemical or mechanical sizing to achieve optimal molecular weights and conjugation yields
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention relates to new conjugated capsular saccharide antigens (glycoconjugates), immunogenic compositions comprising said glycoconjugates and uses thereof.