Shape-Memory Effector Assembly for Compact Object Manipulation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Mechanization of object-handling operations using actuators like solenoids often results in complex and bulky effector assemblies, which can be inefficient and difficult to manage.
Innovation Solution
An effector assembly utilizing shape-memory transducers and an electrical subassembly to control the movement of segments, allowing for articulation and manipulation of objects through selective biasing of shape-memory transducers, enabling efficient and compact object handling.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of operation
If traditional actuators like solenoids are used for object handling, then object manipulation capability is achieved, but the effector assembly becomes complex and bulky
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces traditional mechanical actuators (solenoids) with a shape memory alloy-based actuation system. The SMA elements directly convert electrical energy to mechanical motion through thermal actuation, eliminating the need for complex mechanical linkages, pistons, and valves found in solenoid systems. This substitution reduces the number of moving parts and simplifies the overall effector assembly structure while maintaining object manipulation capability
Solution Approach 2:
The patent utilizes the phase transformation properties of shape memory alloy materials, changing the material's temperature parameter to induce dimensional changes. By controlling the thermal state of the SMA elements through electrical heating, the system achieves actuation without mechanical complexity. The material transitions between austenite and martensite phases to produce controlled motion in the effector segments
2Ease of operation
If traditional actuators like solenoids are used for object handling, then object manipulation capability is achieved, but the effector assembly becomes bulky
Solution Approach 1:
The replacement of bulky mechanical solenoid components with compact shape memory alloy elements significantly reduces the volume of the effector assembly. The SMA-based actuation system requires no large magnetic coils, piston chambers, or valve assemblies, allowing for a much more compact design that maintains full object manipulation functionality
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs a segmented effector structure where multiple SMA elements are nested within or alongside each other in the same spatial envelope. The first and second SMA elements are arranged to operate in conjunction within a compact configuration, allowing the effector to achieve complex motions through coordinated action of nested actuation elements rather than requiring separate spatial volumes for each actuator
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution provides a compact and efficient mechanism for manipulating objects by using shape-memory transducers to facilitate relative movement between segments, enhancing the efficiency and flexibility of object handling operations.
Implementation Method 1
a first shape-memory transducer affixed between the first proximal end and the output member; a second shape-memory transducer affixed between the first distal end and the output member
Data Source
AI summary
An effector assembly includes: a segment defining a conduit between proximal and distal ends and containing a slidable output member; a first shape-memory transducer affixed between the proximal end and the output member; a second shape-memory transducer affixed between the distal end and the output member; an electrical subassembly to selectively supply current to bias the first transducer to a first memory state and bias the second transducer to a second deformed state, for sliding the output member in a first direction, or bias the second transducer to a second memory state and bias the first transducer to a first deformed state, for sliding the output member in a second direction; a second segment movably coupled to the distal end; and a linkage between the output member and the second segment, to move the second segment relative to the segment in response to sliding of the output member.