Continuous-Time Sigma-Delta ADC Loop Delay Recovery Circuit

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Solution Overview

Problem

Sigma-delta analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) face performance degradation due to excess loop delay (ELD) caused by parasitic capacitance, leading to incomplete settling of feedback information and potential instability, especially in high-speed applications.

Innovation Solution

Incorporating feedforward capacitors in parallel with the current digital-to-analog converter (DAC) and transconductance cells with compensating zeros in the transfer function to mitigate parasitic capacitance effects, thereby improving settling speed and stability of the feedback loop.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If an ELD DAC is used to reduce excess loop delay impact, then ADC performance is improved, but parasitic capacitance causes incomplete settling and potential instability

Engineering Contradiction:
ImproveADC stabilityVSAvoidDAC output settling accuracy
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSManufacturing precision

Solution Approach 1:

The patent extracts the harmful parasitic capacitance effect by introducing a separate compensation capacitor connected to the DAC output node. This compensation capacitor is specifically designed to counteract the parasitic capacitance, allowing the main feedback loop to operate without the detrimental effects of the parasitic elements on the summing node.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Solution Approach 2:

The compensation capacitor acts as an intermediary element between the DAC output and the summing node. It mediates the interaction between the DAC signal and the parasitic capacitance, enabling the system to achieve proper settling by providing an additional charge storage mechanism that compensates for the parasitic effects.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

2Productivity

If feedback loop speed is increased for high-speed ADC applications, then conversion speed is improved, but excess loop delay causes performance degradation

Engineering Contradiction:
ImproveADC conversion speedVSAvoidFeedback loop stability
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The compensation capacitor is configured to act in advance of the main feedback loop settling process. By providing preliminary charge storage and release mechanisms through the compensation capacitor, the system prepares the voltage at the summing node to settle more quickly, effectively anticipating and preventing the settling issues that would otherwise occur at high speeds.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Data Source

PatentEP4033671A1Techniques for high-speed excess loop delay compensation in sigma-delta analog-to-digital converters
Publication Date: 2022.07.27 NXP BV
  • EP4033671A1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP4033671A1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP4033671A1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

The present disclosure relates generally to techniques for continuous-time sigma-delta analog-to-digital converter (ADC). The continuous-time sigma-delta ADC may include a feed-forward capacitor in parallel with a current-steering excess loop delay (ELD) digital-to-analog converter (DAC), and by creating a zero in a transfer function of a Gm cell, both an ELD feedback loop settling and a main feedback loop may be recovered. As a result, the performance and stability of the continuous-time sigma-delta ADC can be achieved. Additionally, a summation node in the continuous-time sigma-delta ADC may offer flexibility in the architecture design of the continuous-time sigma-delta ADC.