Real Signal Quantization Using Distance-Encoded Nonzero Bits

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing signal processing technologies face challenges in efficiently quantizing real signals for neural networks and other applications, requiring significant computational resources and memory, while maintaining precision and performance.

Innovation Solution

A method for coding real signals into quantized signals by converting them into binarized samples with selected significant bits, using binary or canonical signed binary representations, and encoding distances between bits to minimize resource usage, with optional decomposition of high-value distances for efficient multiplication and convolution operations.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Quantity of substance

If real signals are quantized using traditional methods, then computational resources and memory requirements are reduced, but precision and accuracy of signal processing are degraded

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvememory spaceVSAvoidsignal precision
Core Design Contradiction:
Quantity of substanceVSMeasurement precision

Solution Approach 1:

The patent segments the real signal into two distinct components: a sign bit and a magnitude represented by distances between non-zero bits. This segmentation allows the magnitude to be encoded with fewer bits while preserving the relative positional information, thus reducing memory requirements without proportionally degrading precision. The sign bit separately captures the polarity information, and the distance encoding captures the magnitude information in a compressed form.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The patent transforms the traditional magnitude representation into a different dimensional space by encoding distances between non-zero bits rather than directly encoding the magnitude value. This dimensional transformation allows the same information to be represented with fewer bits, as the distance between bits provides a logarithmic-like compression of the magnitude information while preserving the relative precision needed for signal processing operations.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #17Another dimension (Dimensionality change)

2Measurement precision

If more bits are used for quantization, then signal precision is maintained, but computational complexity and resource requirements increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesignal precisionVSAvoidcomputational complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent segments the quantization process into sign extraction and magnitude encoding, where the magnitude is represented by distances between non-zero bits. This segmentation reduces the total number of bits needed while maintaining precision, as the distance encoding efficiently captures magnitude information without requiring full precision representation of every possible value.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The patent changes the parameter representation from direct magnitude encoding to distance-based encoding. By representing the magnitude as the distance between non-zero bits rather than the absolute value, the system achieves the same precision with fewer bits, thereby reducing computational complexity and resource requirements while maintaining the necessary signal fidelity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Ease of manufacture

If traditional quantization methods are used, then implementation is straightforward, but multiplication and convolution operations remain complex

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveimplementation simplicityVSAvoidoperation complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent segments numbers into sign bits and distance-encoded magnitudes, which enables simplified multiplication and convolution operations. When multiplying two numbers represented this way, the system can work with the distance values and sign bits separately, avoiding the need for complex full-precision multiplication circuits. The distance representation allows for more efficient arithmetic operations compared to traditional binary representations.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

4Quantity of substance

If fewer bits are used for quantization, then resource requirements are reduced, but signal accuracy and processing performance deteriorate

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveresource requirementsVSAvoidprocessing performance
Core Design Contradiction:
Quantity of substanceVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent uses dimensional transformation by encoding signal magnitude as distances between non-zero bits rather than direct binary representation. This alternative encoding dimension preserves the relative precision needed for accurate signal processing while using fewer bits, thereby maintaining processing performance and reliability with reduced resource requirements.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #17Another dimension (Dimensionality change)

Data Source

PatentEP3202044B1Method of coding a real signal into a quantized signal
Publication Date: 2020.03.18 COMMISSARIAT A LENERGIE ATOMIQUE ET AUX ENERGIES ALTERNATIVES
  • EP3202044B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3202044B1 patent drawingFigure 2~3
  • EP3202044B1 patent drawingFigure 4

AI summary

Method, implemented by a processor, of coding a real signal, for example an image signal, into a quantized signal, said method comprising the following steps applied to each real sample of said real signal: • converting (101) the real sample into a numerical representation, • selecting (102), from the fractional part of the number, a predetermined number N of most significant nonzero bits, • for each nonzero significant bit i selected, i varying from 1 to N, determining (103) its distance P, with respect to the neighbouring nonzero significant bit of higher rank selected or, for the first nonzero significant bit selected, with respect to the decimal point, • deducting (104) from said distance P, the minimum value of distance between two nonzero bits, • coding (106) the modified distance P, on a predetermined number M of bits.