Soybean Resistance Gene Transfer for Asian Soybean Rust
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Solution Overview
Problem
There is a need for new methods to produce soybean cultivars with resistance to significant pathogens such as Asian Soybean Rust, nematodes, and fungi, which cause substantial yield losses in soybean crops.
Innovation Solution
Introduction of novel resistance genes (R-Genes) derived from Glycine tomentella into commercial soybean plants, using DNA constructs and transgenic methods to confer resistance, particularly to Asian Soybean Rust.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If conventional soybean cultivars are used, then the plants are easy to grow and manage, but they are highly susceptible to pathogens causing significant yield losses
Solution Approach 1:
The invention extracts and isolates specific resistance genes (R-genes) from wild Glycine species into separate DNA constructs. These individual gene constructs can be independently introduced into commercial soybean cultivars, allowing the extraction of only the beneficial resistance trait without introducing entire wild genomes that might cause other issues.
Solution Approach 2:
The resistance genes are designed to provide universal protection against multiple pathogens including Asian Soybean Rust, nematodes, and fungi. The DNA constructs are engineered to be compatible with various commercial soybean cultivars, making the solution broadly applicable across different genetic backgrounds and production systems.
2Reliability
If novel resistance genes are introduced into commercial soybean plants, then disease resistance is enhanced, but the complexity of plant development and regulation increases
Solution Approach 1:
The resistance trait is segmented into discrete DNA constructs, each containing a specific R-gene with its associated promoter and regulatory elements. This segmentation allows for modular introduction of resistance genes, where individual constructs can be developed, tested, and regulated independently rather than as part of a complex whole genome transfer.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention uses DNA constructs as intermediary vehicles to transfer resistance genes from wild Glycine species into commercial soybean cultivars. These constructs serve as mediators that facilitate the precise introduction of only the desired resistance traits, simplifying the transfer process compared to direct breeding or whole genome transplantation.
3Object-affected harmful factors
If time and expense are invested in treating soybean crops to prevent yield loss, then pathogen damage is reduced, but the cost of production increases significantly
Solution Approach 1:
The resistance genes are introduced into the soybean plants during the development stage, establishing pathogen resistance before the crops are exposed to pathogens in the field. This preliminary genetic modification eliminates or reduces the need for subsequent chemical treatments and interventions during the growing season.
Solution Approach 2:
The transgenic soybean plants possess intrinsic resistance to pathogens through the introduced R-genes, allowing them to protect themselves against disease without requiring external chemical treatments. The plants self-service their own defense needs through constitutive or induced expression of the resistance genes.
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention relates to methods and compositions for identifying, selecting and/or producing a Disease resistant soybean plant or germplasm using markers, genes and chromosomal intervals derived from Glycine tomentella PI441001, PI441008, PI446958, PI583970, or PI483224. A soybean plant or germplasm that has been identified, selected and/or produced by any of the methods of the present invention is also provided. Disease resistant soybean seeds, plants and germplasms are also provided.