Split Coil Wireless Charging for Multi-Frequency EV Power Transfer
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional two-coil wireless power transfer systems are limited to a single output charging speed and frequency, which is not suitable for varying charging objectives, and pose safety hazards to the power grid, especially during peak electricity consumption periods, necessitating a multi-frequency and multi-speed wireless charging system for electric vehicles that optimizes charging standards based on grid conditions.
Innovation Solution
A wireless charging system with a split transmitter and receiver, utilizing co-planar induction coils of non-equal cross-sectional lengths, a switched-capacitor circuitry, and hybrid PWM and model predictive control methods to adaptively adjust output current and charging speed, allowing for multiple charging modes and frequencies, and integrating with the power grid to optimize charging performance.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If a conventional two-coil wireless power transfer system is used, then the system structure is simple, but the system can only generate one-level output with a fixed charging frequency and speed
Solution Approach 1:
The transmitter coil is divided into multiple independent sub-coils (first sub-coil, second sub-coil, third sub-coil, etc.) that can be independently controlled. Each sub-coil can be selectively activated based on charging requirements, enabling multiple charging modes and frequencies without requiring a completely different system architecture.
Solution Approach 2:
The system dynamically selects which sub-coils to activate based on real-time charging demands and grid conditions. The controller can adjust the operating frequency and power distribution among different sub-coils, providing adaptive charging capabilities that respond to varying power requirements.
2Adaptability or versatility
If multiple electric vehicle charging structures are installed to meet different charging objectives, then the charging versatility is improved, but safety hazards to the power grid increase, especially during peak electricity consumption periods
Solution Approach 1:
A single wireless charging system is designed to perform multiple functions by activating different combinations of sub-coils. The system can provide various charging standards (different frequencies and power levels) using the same physical infrastructure, eliminating the need for multiple separate charging structures and reducing the burden on the power grid.
Solution Approach 2:
The system changes operating parameters such as frequency and power distribution by selectively activating different sub-coils. This allows the same charging infrastructure to adapt to different charging standards and grid conditions, providing versatility without increasing physical infrastructure or grid stress.
3Speed
If a single transmitter and receiver coil system is used, then the device complexity is low, but the system cannot provide multi-frequency and multi-speed charging modes
Solution Approach 1:
The receiver coil is divided into multiple sub-coils corresponding to the transmitter sub-coils. This segmentation allows the receiver to selectively couple with different transmitter sub-coils, enabling variable charging speeds and frequencies without requiring a completely different receiver architecture.
Solution Approach 2:
The system dynamically adjusts which receiver sub-coils are active based on the charging requirements and the state of the transmitter sub-coils. This dynamic configuration enables the system to provide multiple charging speeds and frequencies using the same receiver structure.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The system enables efficient, adaptive wireless charging with multiple frequencies and speeds, optimizing energy use and grid stability by selecting charging modes based on peak electricity consumption periods, thereby enhancing safety and convenience for electric vehicles.
Implementation Method 1
The plurality of sub-receivers and the plurality of sub-transmitters each comprises co-planar induction coils
Implementation Method 2
the switched-capacitor circuitry is configured to construct a resonant circuit for charging an output load by selecting working states of the plurality of switched-capacitor switches
Data Source
AI summary
A wireless charging system for providing multi-frequency and multi-speed charging modes to transfer power wirelessly from a base device to a remote device is disclosed. The wireless charging system includes a split transmitter having a plurality of sub-transmitters; a split receiver having a plurality of sub-receiver; and a switched-capacitor circuitry comprising a plurality of switched-capacitor switches. The plurality of sub-receivers and the plurality of sub-transmitters each comprises co-planar induction coils of non-equal cross-sectional lengths positioned concentrically without an interception. The split transmitter and the switched-capacitor circuitry are controlled by a hybrid pulse width modulation (PWM) control method, and the split receiver is controlled by a model predictive control method.