Stacked Photovoltaic Cell Module with Optical Resonance Cavity
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional photovoltaic cells face limitations in light absorption rate and power output, which hinders their overall efficiency.
Innovation Solution
A stacked photovoltaic cell module is designed with a substrate, first and second electrode layers, light absorption layers, and a connecting layer with specific reflectivity and refractive indices, forming an optical resonance cavity that enhances light absorption by allowing light to be absorbed uniformly across different wavelength ranges.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If a conventional photovoltaic cell structure is used, then the device complexity is low, but the light absorption rate and power output are limited
Solution Approach 1:
The photovoltaic cell is divided into multiple independent light absorption layers (first light absorption layer, second light absorption layer, third light absorption layer) that can be stacked vertically. Each layer absorbs light at different wavelengths, allowing the system to capture a broader spectrum of sunlight and increase overall power output without significantly increasing lateral device complexity
Solution Approach 2:
The patent transitions from a planar single-layer structure to a vertical stacked multi-layer structure. By adding the dimension of vertical stacking with controlled spacing between layers, the system increases light absorption capacity and power output while maintaining a compact footprint, effectively solving the contradiction between productivity and device complexity
2Productivity
If the connecting layer reflectivity is increased to enhance light absorption, then the light absorption rate improves, but the uniformity of light absorption across different layers deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies different reflectivity characteristics to different connecting layers. The first connecting layer has a reflectivity of 10-60% while the second connecting layer has a reflectivity of 60-90%. This localized differentiation allows each layer to optimize its light absorption characteristics, with lower reflectivity for layers needing more direct light transmission and higher reflectivity for layers benefiting from reflected light, thereby maintaining uniformity across the stack while maximizing overall absorption rate
Solution Approach 2:
The patent systematically varies the reflectivity parameter across different connecting layers to optimize performance. By adjusting reflectivity from 10-60% in the first connecting layer to 60-90% in the second connecting layer, the system achieves both high overall light absorption and uniform distribution of absorbed light across all light absorption layers, resolving the contradiction between absorption rate and uniformity
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution significantly increases the light absorption rate and power output of the photovoltaic cell module, leading to enhanced efficiency by ensuring uniform absorption of external light across both the first and second light absorption layers.
Implementation Method 1
the connecting layer has a reflectivity of about 10-60%
Implementation Method 2
an optical resonance cavity structure is formed between the second electrode layer and the connecting layer
Implementation Method 3
the second carrier transport layer and the second light absorption layer satisfy Φ1+Φ2−2π(n1D1+n2D2)/λ=2mπ
Implementation Method 4
When light irradiates the photovoltaic cell, the active layer is affected by photo energy and generates free electron-hole pairs
Data Source
AI summary
A stacked photovoltaic cell module includes, sequentially stacked, a substrate, a first electrode layer, a first carrier transport layer, a first light absorption layer, a connecting layer with a reflectivity of 10-60%, a second carrier transport layer, a second light absorption layer, and a second electrode layer. The second carrier transport layer has a first refraction index n1 and a first thickness D1, and the second light absorption layer has a second refraction index n2 and a second thickness D2, and the second carrier transport layer and the second light absorption layer satisfy Φ1+Φ2−2π(n1D1+n2D2)/λ=2mπ. Φ1 represents a reflective phase difference between the second electrode layer the second light absorption layer, Φ2 represents a reflective phase difference between the second carrier transport layer and second light absorption layer, λ represents an absorption wavelength of the first light absorption layer, and m represents 0 or an integer.