Surface Stress Sensor for Rapid Silage Fermentation Evaluation

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current methods for evaluating silage fermentation quality are time-consuming, require specialized equipment, and are not suitable for immediate on-site assessment, especially when initial ammonia concentration data is unavailable, and human olfactory sense is unreliable for detecting subtle differences in odor.

Innovation Solution

A method using a surface stress sensor to analyze volatile components from silage by detecting organic acids and nitrogen-containing compounds, with different response characteristics for C2, C3, and C4 acids, allowing for rapid evaluation based on gas composition and temporal signal patterns.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If chemical analysis methods (V-score, Flieg score) are used to evaluate silage fermentation quality, then measurement precision is improved, but loss of time and device complexity increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvefermentation quality evaluation accuracyVSAvoidevaluation time
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces complex chemical analysis mechanical systems with an optical detection system. The sensor detects volatile components (organic acids, ammonia) emitted by silage through optical absorption spectroscopy, eliminating the need for time-consuming chemical extraction, distillation, and titration procedures while maintaining evaluation accuracy.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent introduces volatile components (organic acids, ammonia) as intermediaries between the silage and the sensor. Instead of directly analyzing the silage matrix, the sensor detects these volatile substances that naturally emit from the silage, enabling indirect but rapid quality assessment without complex sample preparation.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

2Measurement precision

If chemical analysis methods are used to evaluate silage fermentation quality, then measurement precision is improved, but device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvefermentation quality evaluation accuracyVSAvoidequipment complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces complex chemical analysis equipment (distillation apparatus, titration equipment, spectrophotometers) with a compact optical sensor system. The sensor directly detects volatile components in the gas phase, eliminating the need for multiple specialized instruments and complex operational procedures.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

3Ease of operation

If human olfactory sense is used to evaluate silage quality, then ease of operation is improved, but measurement precision deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveevaluation simplicityVSAvoidodor detection accuracy
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSMeasurement precision

Solution Approach 1:

The patent introduces volatile components (organic acids, ammonia) as intermediaries between the silage and the sensor. Instead of directly analyzing the silage matrix, the sensor detects these volatile substances that naturally emit from the silage, enabling indirect but rapid quality assessment without complex sample preparation.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent replaces the human olfactory system with an electronic sensor system that objectively detects volatile components. This substitution maintains the simplicity of gas-phase detection while eliminating human subjectivity and inability to detect subtle odor differences.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

4Measurement precision

If ammonia concentration change over time is measured (Patent Literature 1 method), then measurement precision is improved, but loss of time increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveammonia concentration measurement accuracyVSAvoidevaluation period
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The patent performs preliminary detection of volatile components (organic acids, ammonia) that indicate fermentation quality from the beginning. By detecting these components directly in the gas phase, the system provides immediate quality assessment without waiting for temporal changes to occur, enabling on-site evaluation at any stage.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The patent replaces the time-based temporal change measurement approach with direct optical detection of volatile components. This substitution allows immediate quality assessment based on current volatile emissions rather than requiring longitudinal monitoring from raw material stage.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

Enables quick and accurate evaluation of silage fermentation quality by measuring the ratio and amount of organic acids and nitrogen-containing compounds, providing a comprehensive assessment without complex operations.

Implementation Method 1

a surface stress sensor which has a response characteristic to at least one of organic acids belonging to C2 and C3 and a response characteristic to at least one of organic acids belonging to C4 that are different from each other

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectSurface stress sensor detection:

Data Source

PatentEP4130709B1Silage fermentation quality evaluation method and device
Publication Date: 2025.07.16 NAT INST FOR MATERIALS SCI
  • EP4130709B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP4130709B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP4130709B1 patent drawingFigure 3(a)~3(b)

AI summary

An object of the present invention is to make it possible to easily evaluate silage fermentation quality on site or the like. In one embodiment of the present invention, a gas generated from silage is applied to a surface stress sensor, and the amount of either one of organic acids and nitrogen-containing compounds contained in the silage is determined. The surface stress sensor can detect trace components in a gas by a simple device configuration and in simple procedures. Therefore, by utilizing the fact that relationship between the content of these components and the fermentation quality is known, the evaluation of fermentation quality can be easily realized by the above measurement.