Surgical Guide Instrument with Pivoting Tool for Minimally Invasive Spinal Surgery
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current surgical guiding instruments are not suitable for minimally invasive spinal surgeries due to their design and size, which limits the view of the surgical field and poses a risk of injuring nerve tracts, and they do not allow for efficient guidance of machining tools without operator intervention.
Innovation Solution
A surgical guiding instrument with a first guide element defining a pivot axis, enabling the machining tool to be displaced and pivoted relative to the guide element, combined with a holder and clamping device for secure tool attachment, allowing for a superimposed translational-pivoting movement and improved visibility during procedures.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If a traditional surgical guiding instrument is used, then the machining tool can be guided along a fixed trajectory, but the view of the surgical field is severely limited and the instrument is not suitable for minimally invasive interventions
Solution Approach 1:
The guide device is designed to enable dynamic adjustment of the machining tool's position and orientation. The tool can be pivoted about a pivot axis and displaced relative to the guide device, allowing real-time adaptation to different surgical angles and trajectories without changing the guide device itself, thereby maintaining guidance reliability while improving surgical field visibility
Solution Approach 2:
The invention adds an additional degree of freedom by allowing the machining tool to pivot about a pivot axis that is different from the main longitudinal axis of the instrument body. This creates a two-dimensional adjustment capability (translation along the axis plus rotation about the pivot axis), enabling the tool to be positioned out of the direct line of sight while maintaining precise guidance
2Manufacturing precision
If the machining tool is guided along a fixed trajectory, then precise machining can be achieved, but the operator cannot easily adjust the tool position for different surgical requirements
Solution Approach 1:
The guide device incorporates dynamic adjustment mechanisms that allow the machining tool to be pivoted about a pivot axis and displaced relative to the guide device during the surgical procedure. This enables precise machining along defined trajectories while providing real-time adaptability to adjust tool position for different surgical requirements
Solution Approach 2:
The guide device is segmented into functional components: a fixed guide structure defining the main trajectory and a movable tool assembly that can pivot and displace relative to the guide. This segmentation allows the fixed guide to maintain machining precision while the movable tool assembly provides position flexibility
3Stability of the object's composition
If the instrument body is made larger to provide stable guidance, then guidance stability is improved, but the instrument becomes unsuitable for minimally invasive spinal surgeries
Solution Approach 1:
The guide device achieves stability through dynamic adjustment capabilities rather than sheer size. The pivot axis and displacement mechanisms allow the tool to be precisely positioned and adjusted during the procedure, providing guidance stability equivalent to larger instruments while maintaining a compact size suitable for minimally invasive spinal surgery
Data Source
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AI summary
The invention relates to a surgical guide instrument for a surgical working tool that is designed to work vertebral bodies and has a distal tool end, the guide instrument having a substantially elongate instrument body which has a proximal end and a distal end, defines a longitudinal axis and supports a guide device for the working tool. In order to improve the surgical guide instrument in such a way that it can be used in particular in minimally invasive surgery, it is proposed that the guide device be arranged and designed in such a way that the working tool can be guided by it along a movement trajectory defined by the guide device and that the movement trajectory corresponds to a superposed translating/pivoting movement.