Switching Converter Topology for Independent Battery Module Charging
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing modular battery systems require reconnection of deactivated battery modules for charging and rely on the on-board vehicle electrical system for charging, limiting flexibility and efficiency.
Innovation Solution
Integration of a switching converter topology within the battery system allows for independent charging of battery modules, enabling energy transfer from the on-board vehicle electrical system or external sources without module activation, using components like diodes, inductances, and DC isolation for flexible charging and balancing.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If battery modules are deactivated and uncoupled from the current path, then the battery voltage can be adjusted flexibly and module isolation is improved, but the modules cannot be charged independently without reconnection
Solution Approach 1:
A switching converter circuit is introduced as an intermediary between the deactivated battery modules and the charging power source. This converter enables energy transfer to isolated modules through electromagnetic coupling via a transformer, allowing charging without direct electrical connection to the module terminals.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent replaces the traditional direct electrical connection method with a magnetic field-based energy transfer system. The switching converter uses electromagnetic induction to transfer charging energy to deactivated modules, substituting the need for physical switch closure and direct conductive paths.
2Power
If battery modules are connected in series to form a battery module line, then the output voltage increases, but the current capacity is limited by the weakest module
Solution Approach 1:
The battery system is divided into independently controllable modules with individual switching elements. Each module can be selectively activated or deactivated, allowing the system to segment the current path and bypass weak modules while maintaining high voltage output through series connection of healthy modules.
Solution Approach 2:
The switching converter serves multiple functions: it enables charging of deactivated modules, provides voltage conversion, and allows energy redistribution among modules. This multi-functional component resolves the contradiction by providing alternative current paths and charging mechanisms that are not limited by module weaknesses.
3Adaptability or versatility
If switching elements are used to activate or deactivate battery modules, then voltage control is improved, but the system complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines the charging control function with the module activation/deactivation switching elements. The same switches that control module connection to the series line also control the charging process, eliminating the need for separate charging switches and reducing overall system complexity.
Solution Approach 2:
The switching converter acts as an intermediary that simplifies control by providing a unified interface for both charging and voltage regulation. It consolidates multiple control functions into a single device, reducing the number of independent control systems needed.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables charging and balancing of battery modules without activating individual modules, providing greater flexibility and efficiency by allowing energy distribution to all modules, including deactivated ones, and decoupling from the on-board vehicle electrical system during charging.
Implementation Method 1
Integration of a switching converter topology within the battery system allows for independent charging of battery modules, enabling energy transfer from the on-board vehicle electrical system or external sources without module activation
Data Source
AI summary
A battery system has a battery with a plurality of battery modules which can be selectively activated or deactivated by means of actuation, wherein, in the activated state, the battery module voltage of a respective battery module contributes to an output voltage of the battery and, in the deactivated state, the battery module is uncoupled from the current path of the battery. The battery system comprises a circuit for charging the battery modules which has components which are arranged in accordance with a switching converter topology, which is integrated in the battery system in such a way that the battery modules can be charged independently of whether a respective battery module which is to be charged is in the activated or in the deactivated state. A method for charging battery modules, a method for balancing battery modules, and a motor vehicle include the battery system.