Switchless Carrier Aggregation Circuit for Low-Noise RF Isolation

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current radio-frequency (RF) receiver technologies face challenges in maintaining low noise figure and high isolation between signal paths during carrier aggregation, especially when aggregating close frequency bands, often requiring multiple switches and separate LNAs which increase complexity and cost.

Innovation Solution

A carrier aggregation circuit design that eliminates switches along signal paths by using a low-noise amplifier (LNA) with a first and second signal path, each comprising amplification stages and bipolar junction transistors, allowing operation in multiple frequency bands without separate switches, and utilizing a diplexer with surface acoustic wave filters for efficient signal processing.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If switches are used in RF signal paths for carrier aggregation, then signal path isolation is improved, but noise figure increases and device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesignal path isolationVSAvoidnumber of switches
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent extracts and removes the switches from the RF signal paths entirely. Instead of using switches to isolate signal paths, the design employs separate LNAs and filters for each frequency band, eliminating the need for switching mechanisms while maintaining path isolation through physical separation and frequency-selective filtering.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent segments the RF receiver into multiple independent signal paths, each with its own LNA and filter dedicated to a specific frequency band. This segmentation allows simultaneous operation on multiple bands without requiring switches to route signals, as each band has its own dedicated processing path.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

2Reliability

If switches are used in RF signal paths, then multiple frequency bands can be isolated, but noise figure deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvefrequency band isolationVSAvoidnoise figure
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The switches that would degrade noise figure are extracted and removed from the signal path. Frequency band isolation is achieved through dedicated filters for each band rather than through switching mechanisms, eliminating the noise contribution from switch operations.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Solution Approach 2:

The receiver is segmented into independent parallel paths, each with its own LNA and band-specific filter. This allows simultaneous reception of multiple frequency bands without the need for switching, thereby maintaining low noise figure while achieving frequency isolation through filtering.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

3Reliability

If separate LNAs are used for each frequency band, then signal path isolation is improved, but device size and cost increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesignal path isolationVSAvoiddevice size
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSArea of stationary object

Solution Approach 1:

The patent merges multiple frequency band processing paths into a single integrated receiver architecture. By using a common RF input stage and combining the signal paths after filtering, the design achieves frequency isolation without requiring completely separate LNA circuits for each band, thereby reducing overall device size and cost.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Solution Approach 2:

The receiver employs a universal common input stage and signal processing path that can handle multiple frequency bands simultaneously. Each band uses dedicated filters but shares the common LNA and subsequent processing stages, providing multi-functionality that reduces the total number of components needed.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This design achieves low noise figure, high isolation, and reduced size and cost, enabling efficient concurrent processing of multiple RF signals across different frequency bands while maintaining performance in both CA and non-CA modes.

Implementation Method 1

utilizing a diplexer with surface acoustic wave filters for efficient signal processing

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectSurface acoustic wave: Surface Acoustic Wave

Data Source

PatentUS10826546B2Switchless carrier aggregation
Publication Date: 2020.11.03 SKYWORKS SOLUTIONS INC
  • US10826546B2 patent drawing
  • US10826546B2 patent drawing
  • US10826546B2 patent drawing

AI summary

Switchless carrier aggregation. In some embodiments, a carrier aggregation circuit can include a first filter configured to allow operation in a first frequency band, and a second filter configured to allow operation in a second frequency band. The circuit can further include a first signal path implemented between the first filter and an output node, with the first signal path including a plurality of amplification stages configured to amplify a first signal. The first signal path can be substantially free of switches. The circuit can further include a second signal path implemented between the second filter and the output node, with the second signal path including a plurality of amplification stages configured to amplify a second signal. The second signal path can be substantially free of switches.