Systems and methods for pressure-based cooling
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional cooling systems face limitations such as limited capacity per unit size and flow rate, non-linear cooling performance, difficulty in maintaining absolute target temperatures, and high time to achieve target temperatures, especially in electric vehicle charging systems where high thermal loads and stresses reduce battery life and safety.
Innovation Solution
A pressure-based cooling system comprising a primary chamber with a base fluid and a secondary chamber at lower pressure, where the base fluid changes state from liquid to vapor, absorbing heat and aiding direct cooling of the target, with a flow control interface managing the fluid flow and pressure differential to optimize cooling efficiency.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Quantity of substance
If conventional coolant circulation systems are used, then cooling function is provided, but cooling capacity per unit size and flow rate is limited
Solution Approach 1:
The patent utilizes phase transition of the base fluid from liquid to vapor state when it moves from the primary chamber to the secondary chamber. This phase change absorbs heat from the surroundings, providing intensive cooling with a small amount of fluid, thereby achieving high cooling capacity per unit size without requiring large system volume.
2Manufacturing precision
If conventional coolant circulation systems are used, then cooling is provided, but cooling performance is non-linear with targets closest to inlet having most cooling effect
Solution Approach 1:
The phase transition occurs within the sealed secondary chamber, creating a closed-loop system where the base fluid continuously cycles between liquid and vapor states. This ensures uniform heat absorption across all targets exposed to the vapor, achieving linear and consistent cooling performance regardless of position relative to fluid inlet.
3Temperature
If phase change cooling systems are used, then heat absorption occurs, but direct cooling of target is not achieved
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges the cooling medium (base fluid) directly with the target environment by allowing vapor to fill the sealed secondary chamber containing the targets. This eliminates the need for separate heat exchangers and intermediate cooling systems, achieving direct cooling while maintaining system simplicity.
4Productivity
If high charging current is used in EV charging, then charging speed increases, but thermal loads and stresses increase reducing battery life
Solution Approach 1:
The phase transition of base fluid from liquid to vapor absorbs significant latent heat from the battery and surrounding components during EV charging. This intensive heat absorption capability enables rapid removal of thermal loads generated by high charging currents, maintaining battery temperature within safe operating ranges and extending battery life while preserving high charging speed.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The system achieves high cooling capacity, uniform target temperatures across the system, and rapid heat absorption without the need for intermediate heat exchangers, reducing thermal shocks and infrastructure costs while ensuring safety from fluid immersion and leaks.
Implementation Method 1
the base fluid changes state from liquid to vapour, at a saturation phase-threshold pressure, while it moves from the primary chamber to the secondary chamber, absorbing heat from its surroundings
Implementation Method 2
the base fluid changes state from liquid to vapour, at a saturation phase-threshold pressure
Implementation Method 3
said secondary chamber having a substantially lower pressure than said primary chamber, said pressure differential causing said base fluid to change state
Data Source
AI summary
A system for pressure-based cooling, said system comprising: a primary chamber (PC) comprising a base fluid (BF) in liquid state; a secondary chamber (SC) comprising a carrier fluid (CF), said secondary chamber (SC) configured to receive a controlled amount of said base fluid (BF), from said primary chamber (PC), said secondary chamber (SC) having a substantially lower pressure than said primary chamber (PC), said pressure differential causing said base fluid (BF) to change state from said liquid state to vapour state, at a saturation phase-threshold pressure, while it moves from said primary chamber (PC) to said secondary chamber (SC), absorbing heat from its surroundings—thereby, causing cooling at a first level, said carrier fluid (CF) aiding movement of said base fluid (BF); and a flow control interface (FCI) configured to control flow of said base fluid (BF) from said primary chamber (PC) to said secondary chamber (SC).