Thermoelectric Indenter for Non-Destructive Hydrogen and Microhardness Testing

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing methods for determining hydrogen content and microhardness in metallic materials are destructive, time-consuming, and unsuitable for rapid, non-destructive testing in industrial environments, particularly affecting mechanical properties and causing sample damage.

Innovation Solution

A method utilizing a thermoelectric indenter to measure hydrogen content and microhardness indirectly through the thermoelectric effect, specifically using the Seebeck coefficient and contact resistance, allowing for minimal sample preparation and fast, non-destructive testing.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If direct chemical methods (TDS) are used to measure hydrogen content, then measurement precision is improved, but the component is destroyed and analysis time increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvehydrogen content measurement precisionVSAvoidcomponent integrity
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces direct chemical measurement methods with an indirect electrical measurement approach. By measuring electrical resistance changes in the material caused by hydrogen presence, the system achieves hydrogen detection without destroying the component, thus resolving the contradiction between measurement precision and component integrity

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent introduces electrical resistance as an intermediary parameter to indirectly measure hydrogen content. Instead of directly detecting hydrogen, the system measures the effect of hydrogen on electrical resistance, enabling non-destructive measurement while maintaining precision

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

2Measurement precision

If direct instrumental methods (neutron radiography) are used, then measurement precision and spatial resolution are improved, but device complexity and cost increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvehydrogen detection precisionVSAvoidmeasurement system complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent substitutes complex neutron radiography equipment with a simple electrical resistance measurement system. By using standard electrical measurement apparatus to detect hydrogen-induced resistance changes, the system achieves comparable precision without the complexity and cost of neutron-based equipment

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent changes the measurement parameter from direct hydrogen detection (requiring complex instruments) to electrical resistance measurement (using simple equipment). This parameter transformation enables precise hydrogen detection with minimal device complexity

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Ease of operation

If indirect methods are used for hydrogen content measurement, then ease of operation is improved, but measurement precision deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemeasurement simplicityVSAvoidhydrogen content precision
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSMeasurement precision

Solution Approach 1:

The patent selects electrical resistance as the measurement parameter, which naturally occurs in the material and can be measured simply while providing precise hydrogen content information. This parameter choice simultaneously achieves ease of operation and measurement precision

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

4Manufacturing precision

If standard hardness testing is used, then manufacturing precision is improved, but measurement time and sample preparation increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvehardness measurement accuracyVSAvoidtesting time
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The patent combines hydrogen content measurement and hardness measurement into a single integrated process. By measuring electrical resistance, the system simultaneously obtains both hydrogen content and hardness information, eliminating the need for separate testing operations and reducing total measurement time

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

Enables quick and non-destructive determination of hydrogen content and microhardness, suitable for industrial use with minimal sample damage and low cost, applicable to various conductive materials including metals, alloys, and semiconductors.

Implementation Method 1

measuring the Seebeck coefficient... The value of the Seebeck coefficient decreases proportionally as the amount of stored hydrogen increases

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectSeebeck coefficient: Seebeck Effect

Implementation Method 2

supplying a micro-heater with appropriate electrical power

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectJoule heating: Joule Heating

Data Source

PatentEP4538676B1Method for determining hydrogen content and microhardness
Publication Date: 2026.04.29 ACAD GORNICZO HUTNICZA IM STANISLAWA STASZICA
  • EP4538676B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP4538676B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP4538676B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

Thermoelectric indenter, together with a suitable measuring system, for determining the hydrogen content and microhardness of a sample, characterized in that it comprises: a thermoelectric indenter (2) for penetrating into the test sample (1) to a depth d is mounted on a sleeve (5) and pressed against the sample (1) with a given force F through a pressure pin (4) and a spring (3), and an electronic measuring system (12) measuring voltage U and electrical resistance R connected to a reference electrode (9) and a measuring electrode (10), and, in addition, a temperature controller (11) determining, by means of sensors (7) and (8), the temperature difference ΔT=Tr-Ti supplying the microheater (6) with appropriate electrical power to Pe, as well as the present invention comprises a method for determining the hydrogen content and microhardness in a metallic sample of material.