TIAB Detection via Aberrant Protein Antibodies
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current methods for detecting cancer, such as analyzing protein concentrations, DNA methylation patterns, and immune responses, face challenges due to low abundance and variability of cancer biomarkers, making them unreliable for early-stage detection and clinical screening.
Innovation Solution
The method involves measuring antibodies against aberrant protein domains created by transcription infidelity, which introduces gaps or insertions in RNA molecules, leading to the production of aberrant proteins that can trigger an immunological response, allowing for the detection of cancer through the presence of specific IgG antibodies or TCR-bearing immune cells.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If conventional methods (protein concentration analysis, DNA methylation patterns) are used for cancer detection, then the detection process is established, but the reliability is low due to low abundance and variability of cancer biomarkers
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses autoantibodies as intermediary markers instead of directly detecting low-abundance cancer biomarkers. These autoantibodies are produced by the immune system in response to cancer-associated antigens and can be detected at much higher concentrations, thereby improving measurement precision while maintaining detection reliability
Solution Approach 2:
The patent detects the immune system's copy/response (autoantibodies) of the actual cancer condition rather than directly measuring the cancer biomarkers themselves. This indirect copying approach allows detection of cancer-related immune responses that are more abundant and easier to measure with high precision
2Reliability
If screening methods are developed to detect cancer biomarkers, then detection capability is improved, but the complexity of the system increases due to need for multiple markers and combinations
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs a panel of autoantibodies that can detect multiple types of cancer through a single unified screening approach. The same immunoassay platform and detection methodology can identify autoantibodies against different cancer-associated antigens, providing universal detection capability across various cancer types without requiring separate complex systems for each cancer type
3Measurement precision
If early-stage cancer detection is pursued, then diagnostic value is improved, but the difficulty of detecting and measuring increases due to extremely low levels of cancer markers
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses autoantibodies as intermediary markers that are produced by the immune system in response to early-stage cancer. These autoantibodies appear at detectable levels before the cancer itself produces sufficient conventional biomarkers, making early detection feasible without requiring extremely sensitive direct cancer marker detection
Solution Approach 2:
The patent detects the immune system's early response (autoantibody production) as a copy indicator of early-stage cancer before the cancer biomarkers themselves become abundant enough for reliable direct measurement
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach provides a novel and efficient method for detecting cancer by identifying increased levels of specific IgG directed against aberrant peptides, demonstrating high sensitivity and specificity for various forms of solid tumors, including lung and breast cancers, potentially enabling early-stage diagnosis.
Implementation Method 1
contacting in vitro a sample from the subject with a polypeptide comprising the sequence of an aberrant protein domain created by transcription infidelity, wherein the formation of a complex between said polypeptide and an antibody (TIAB) or TCR-bearing cell present in said sample
Implementation Method 2
transcription infidelity, which introduces gaps or insertions in RNA molecules, leading to the production of aberrant proteins
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention relates to novel methods and products for assessing the physiological status of a subject. More particularly, the invention relates to methods of assessing the presence, risk or stage of a cancer in a subject by measuring the levels of antibodies against particular aberrant protein domains in a sample from the subject, or the presence or number of immune cells hearing TCR specific for such aberrant protein domains. The invention is also suitable to assess the responsiveness of a subject to a treatment, as well as to screen candidate drugs and design novel therapies. The invention may be used in any mammalian subject, particularly in human subjects.