Titanium Composite Material With Surface Alloying for Low-Cost Hot Working
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Solution Overview
Problem
The high production cost of titanium alloys due to the use of scarce and expensive platinum group elements, combined with issues such as adverse effects on formability, poor workability, and increased costs associated with special surface treatments and high alloy content, makes it challenging to produce titanium materials with desired characteristics like corrosion resistance, oxidation resistance, fatigue resistance, and neutron blocking properties at a low cost.
Innovation Solution
A titanium composite material is developed with a surface layer portion of titanium alloy and an inner layer portion of commercially pure titanium, where the surface layer portion contains specific alloying elements like platinum group elements, rare earth elements, Co, and Ni, and the inner layer portion has controlled porosity, allowing for reduced alloy content and lower production costs while maintaining desired properties.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If platinum group elements are added to titanium to improve corrosion resistance, then corrosion resistance is improved, but production cost increases significantly
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies local quality by concentrating platinum group elements specifically in the surface layer portion (0.01-0.25% Pt group elements) while keeping the inner layer as commercially pure titanium or low-alloy titanium. This localized alloying provides the necessary corrosion resistance at the surface where it is most needed, while minimizing the overall amount of expensive alloying elements used in the material.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates a composite structure with two distinct layers: a surface layer portion containing titanium alloy with platinum group elements for corrosion resistance, and an inner layer portion with commercially pure titanium or low-alloy titanium for structural integrity and cost efficiency. This composite approach allows each layer to perform its specific function optimally while balancing performance and cost.
2Reliability
If high alloy content is used to improve material properties, then corrosion resistance and oxidation resistance are improved, but formability and workability deteriorate
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements local quality by restricting high alloy content to only the surface layer portion (0.01-0.25% Pt group elements, with total alloy content kept moderate), while the inner layer portion maintains low alloy content (commercially pure titanium or Ti-0.5Ni-0.05Ru) that preserves excellent formability and workability. This gradient structure allows the surface to achieve desired corrosion resistance while the bulk material remains easily formable.
3Reliability
If special surface treatments are applied to improve corrosion resistance, then corrosion resistance is improved, but production cost and process complexity increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies preliminary action by incorporating platinum group elements directly into the surface layer portion during the material manufacturing process itself, rather than requiring subsequent surface treatment steps. The surface layer is pre-alloyed with 0.01-0.25% Pt group elements to provide inherent corrosion resistance, eliminating the need for additional surface treatment processes and reducing both complexity and cost.
4Reliability
If expensive alloying elements are used to achieve desired material characteristics, then material properties are improved, but production cost increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies local quality by concentrating expensive alloying elements (Pt group elements at 0.01-0.25%, Ni at 0-0.6%, Co at 0-0.8%) specifically in the surface layer portion where they provide maximum benefit for corrosion and oxidation resistance, while the inner layer portion uses commercially pure titanium or minimal alloying (Ti-0.5Ni-0.05Ru), significantly reducing the total amount of expensive materials required.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates a composite structure that combines a surface layer portion with optimized alloy content for property enhancement and an inner layer portion with minimal alloying for cost efficiency. This allows the material to achieve desired characteristics through the surface layer's specialized composition while the bulk material remains cost-effective.
Data Source
AI summary
Provided is a titanium composite material 1 including: a first surface layer portion 2; an inner layer portion 4; and a second surface layer portion 3; wherein: the first surface layer portion 2 and the second surface layer portion 3 are composed of a titanium alloy; the inner layer portion 4 is composed of a commercially pure titanium including pores; a thickness of at least one of the first surface layer portion 2 and the second surface layer portion 3 is 2 μm or more, and a proportion of the thickness with respect to an overall thickness of the titanium composite material 1 is 40% or less; and a porosity in a cross section perpendicular to a sheet thickness direction is more than 0% and 30% or less.