Hierarchical TMCCC Crystallites for Low-Resistance Sodium-Ion Electrodes
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current sodium-ion batteries using transition metal cyanide coordination compounds (TMCCC) face performance issues due to uncontrolled specific surface area, tap density, and particle size, leading to increased charge transfer resistance and capacity loss when discharged at higher rates.
Innovation Solution
A hierarchical structure of TMCCC with controlled specific surface area, tap density, and particle size is implemented in electrodes, comprising a composition like LxMyNzTia1Va2Cra3Mna4Fea5Coa6Nia7Cua8Zna9Caa10Mga11[R(CN)6]b, combined with conductive carbons, polymer binders, and a liquid electrolyte, to enhance electrochemical cell performance.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of manufacture
If TMCCC material is used in electrodes without controlling morphology, then the battery can be manufactured with simpler processes, but charge transfer resistance increases and capacity is lost at higher discharge rates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies parameter changes by controlling specific physical parameters of TMCCC material including particle size (5-50 micrometers), specific surface area (0.5-5.0 m²/g), and tap density (0.5-1.5 g/cm³). These parameter specifications transform the material properties to achieve optimal electrochemical performance while maintaining manufacturability through standard electrode fabrication processes.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs composite materials by combining TMCCC active material with conductive carbon (5-20 wt%), polymer binder (3-10 wt%), and electrolyte components. This composite approach enhances charge transfer resistance properties and capacity retention while maintaining the electrochemical functionality of the TMCCC material in electrode structures.
2Ease of manufacture
If TMCCC material with uncontrolled surface area and particle size is used, then manufacturing is simpler, but charge transfer resistance increases compromising power output
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies parameter changes by controlling specific physical parameters of TMCCC material including particle size (5-50 micrometers), specific surface area (0.5-5.0 m²/g), and tap density (0.5-1.5 g/cm³). These parameter specifications transform the material properties to achieve optimal electrochemical performance while maintaining manufacturability through standard electrode fabrication processes.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs porous materials by utilizing the controlled specific surface area (0.5-5.0 m²/g) of TMCCC material to create optimal pathways for ion transport and charge transfer. The controlled porosity and surface area characteristics enhance power output by facilitating efficient electrolyte access and charge transfer reactions while maintaining structural integrity.
3Reliability
If hierarchical structure with controlled morphology is implemented, then charge transfer resistance decreases and capacity is maintained, but manufacturing complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies parameter changes by controlling specific physical parameters of TMCCC material including particle size (5-50 micrometers), specific surface area (0.5-5.0 m²/g), and tap density (0.5-1.5 g/cm³). These parameter specifications transform the material properties to achieve optimal electrochemical performance while maintaining manufacturability through standard electrode fabrication processes.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs segmentation by dividing the electrode into distinct functional components: TMCCC active material particles (5-50 micrometers), conductive carbon network (5-20 wt%), and polymer binder matrix (3-10 wt%). This segmentation allows each component to be optimized independently for its specific function while maintaining overall electrode integrity and simplifying the manufacturing process through modular assembly.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The controlled morphology ensures low semicircle width and maintains above 70% of nominal capacity even at 20 times the nominal discharge rate, improving the overall performance and longevity of sodium-ion batteries.
Implementation Method 1
Transmission metal cyanide coordination compounds (TMCCC) may be synthesized to create an open framework allowing for high mobility of Sodium ions through the lattice
Implementation Method 2
one or more conductive carbons
Implementation Method 3
a liquid electrolyte
Data Source
AI summary
A system and method for implementing and manufacturing a hierarchy system for use with a TMCCC-containing electrically-conductive structure (e.g., an electrode) as well as methods for use and manufacturing of such structures and electrochemical cells including these devices. Structures and methods include a coordination complex having LxMyNzTia1Va2Cra3Mna4Fea5Coa6Nia7Cua8Zna9Caa10Mga11[R(CN)6]b (H2O)c. The method includes binding electrochemically active material to produce a hierarchical structure, the hierarchical structure having a plurality of primary crystallites having a size D1, the plurality of these primary crystallites agglomerated into a set of agglomerates each agglomerate having a size D2>D1.