Under-Display Optical Sensing Layout With Transmission Areas
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Solution Overview
Problem
Display devices with optical devices overlapping the display panel experience reduced light incidence, leading to deteriorated optical device function due to coverage by pixels, scan lines, and power lines, which limits their effectiveness in applications like smartphones where a wider display area is desired without holes.
Innovation Solution
A display device design featuring a first display area for image display and a second display area with a transmission area adjacent to pixels, allowing optical devices to be placed behind the second display area to detect light incident through the transmission area, enhancing light sensing capabilities while minimizing luminance difference between areas.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Area of stationary object
If optical devices are arranged to overlap the display panel, then the display area can be widened without holes, but light incident on the optical devices is reduced due to coverage by pixels and lines
Solution Approach 1:
The display panel is divided into a first display area with pixels for image display and a second display area with transmission areas for light transmission. This segmentation allows different regions to serve different functions: the first area provides visual display while the second area enables optical device operation by transmitting light.
Solution Approach 2:
Different areas of the display panel are given different optical properties. The first display area has light-blocking characteristics suitable for image display, while the second display area has light-transmitting characteristics to allow sufficient light reach the optical devices positioned behind it.
2Illumination intensity
If transmission areas are added to the second display area, then light incidence on optical devices is improved, but luminance difference between first and second display areas increases
Solution Approach 1:
The display panel employs different structures in different regions: the first display area uses conventional pixel structures for light emission and display, while the second display area uses transmission areas with light-emitting elements and transparent electrodes optimized for light transmission rather than light emission, creating distinct local optical characteristics.
3Manufacturing precision
If separate mask processes are used for electrode formation, then electrode positioning precision is improved, but manufacturing complexity and cost increase
Solution Approach 1:
The transparent electrode patterns in the second display area are formed using the same mask process as the pixel electrodes in the first display area. This merging of manufacturing processes reduces the total number of fabrication steps while maintaining adequate positioning precision for both electrode types.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This design ensures improved optical sensing by increasing light incidence on optical devices and reduces manufacturing costs through shared mask processes for electrode formation, maintaining high luminance and expanding display area without compromising optical functionality.
Implementation Method 1
Each of the second sub-pixels includes: a first contact electrode; a second contact electrode located apart from the first contact electrode; and a light emitting element between the first contact electrode and the second contact electrode
Data Source
AI summary
A display device includes: a display panel including a first display area including first sub-pixels to display an image, and a second display area including second sub-pixels and a transmission area adjacent to the second sub-pixels; and an optical device overlapping the second display area of the display panel and configured to detect light incident through the transmission area. Each of the second sub-pixels includes: a first contact electrode; a second contact electrode located apart from the first contact electrode; and a light emitting element between the first contact electrode and the second contact electrode.