Vanadium Oxide Mixed Oxidation State Electrode for Battery Capacity
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current secondary batteries face challenges in achieving improved capacity and long lifetime due to limitations in electrode active materials, particularly in miniaturized and high-power applications.
Innovation Solution
Development of a vanadium oxide electrode active material with a mixed oxidation state of +3, +4, and +5, synthesized using a microwave-hydrothermal method, which enhances ion intercalation and deintercalation capabilities, and is used in magnesium, sodium, and lithium secondary batteries.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Volume of moving object
If conventional electrode active materials are used in miniaturized batteries, then battery size is reduced, but capacity and lifetime deteriorate
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the oxidation state parameter of vanadium from conventional +4 or +5 to a mixed oxidation state including +3, +4, and +5. This parameter change creates VOx with x≥1.5 that exhibits superior ion intercalation/deintercalation properties, enabling miniaturized batteries to maintain high capacity and long lifetime despite reduced size
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates a composite electrode material consisting of vanadium oxide (VOx) combined with conductive materials and binders. This composite structure enhances both the electrochemical performance and mechanical stability, allowing the battery to achieve improved capacity and lifetime characteristics in miniaturized form factors
2Quantity of substance
If electrode active materials with higher capacity are developed, then energy density increases, but interfacial resistance increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent modifies the chemical composition parameter of vanadium oxide by introducing a mixed oxidation state (V3+, V4+, V5+) rather than using conventional single oxidation states. This creates a material with optimized electronic structure that provides both high capacity (x≥1.5) and low interfacial resistance, eliminating the trade-off between energy density and resistance
Solution Approach 2:
The patent utilizes the porous structure inherent in VOx materials with x≥1.5, which provides increased surface area and improved ion transport pathways. The porous morphology reduces interfacial resistance by facilitating efficient contact between the electrode material and electrolyte, while maintaining high energy density through increased active material content
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The vanadium oxide active material significantly improves the capacity and lifetime characteristics of secondary batteries by reducing interfacial resistance and increasing energy density, making them suitable for small devices and medium-large sized battery packs.
Implementation Method 1
enhances ion intercalation and deintercalation capabilities
Implementation Method 2
vanadium in the vanadium oxide has a mixed oxidation state of a plurality of oxidation numbers, wherein the plurality of oxidation numbers include an oxidation number of +3
Implementation Method 3
synthesized using a microwave-hydrothermal method
Implementation Method 4
synthesized using a microwave-hydrothermal method
Data Source
AI summary
An electrode active material including a vanadium oxide represented by Formula 1,VOx Formula 1wherein vanadium in the vanadium oxide has a mixed oxidation state of a plurality of oxidation numbers, and the oxidation numbers include an oxidation number of +3, and wherein, in Formula 1 above, 1.5<x<2.5.