A dimeric ionic liquid secondary ionomer improves proton transport, ORR activity, and MEA durability under varying humidity with lower platinum loading.
A bendable ear canal electrode with snap connectors improves contact, fits varying ear sizes, and keeps replacement and connection simple.
Using beta-delithiated layered nickel oxide at the cathode helps raise battery capacity while limiting gas evolution and preserving cathode integrity.
Wicking channels, a planar separator, and a breather tab limit oxygen spikes, vent bubbles, and keep electrochemical sensor readings stable.
Raised dimples and localized soldered joints speed battery module bonding while reinforcing cell terminal connections against crash stress.