High-Purity Vanadium Tetraoxide Production via Low-Temperature Chlorination
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current methods for producing high-purity vanadium pentoxide face challenges such as high production costs, poor adaptability to raw materials, low recovery rates, and environmental pollution, making it difficult to achieve large-scale industrial application, especially in the production of high-purity vanadium tetraoxide required for new energy technologies like all-vanadium redox flow batteries.
Innovation Solution
A system and method involving low temperature chlorination fluidized bed, rectification and purification, gas phase hydrolyzation, and reduction fluidized bed processes, which includes heat exchange, balanced heat supply, and temperature regulation to achieve efficient chlorination and reduction of vanadium oxytrichloride, reducing waste production and energy consumption.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Manufacturing precision
If conventional purification methods (chemical precipitation, solvent extraction, ion resin exchange) are used to obtain high-purity vanadium pentoxide, then the product purity can reach 2N5, but the production cost becomes too high and large-scale production cannot be implemented
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the purification parameter from chemical methods to physical distillation method. By controlling the distillation temperature and pressure parameters, the process achieves high-purity separation based on boiling point differences, eliminating the need for expensive high-purity reagents while maintaining product purity above 3N5
Solution Approach 2:
The patent extracts the harmful impurities from the vanadium-containing solution through distillation, separating them based on volatility differences. This removes the need for complex chemical purification steps and expensive scavengers, significantly reducing production costs while achieving high purity
2Ease of manufacture
If repeated precipitation method is used to remove impurities and reduce reagent cost, then the production cost decreases, but the production efficiency becomes low and direct recovery rate of vanadium declines significantly
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements a continuous distillation process that continuously separates vanadium from impurities in one operation, replacing the multiple batch precipitation steps. This continuous operation maintains high production efficiency while achieving complete impurity removal and high vanadium recovery rate
3Manufacturing precision
If conventional purification processes with multiple precipitation and washing steps are used, then impurity removal is achieved, but a large amount of wastewater containing vanadium ions, ammonium ions and sodium salts is produced, resulting in difficult treatment and serious pollution
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces the chemical precipitation and washing system with a physical distillation system. This substitution eliminates the generation of large amounts of contaminated wastewater while achieving effective impurity removal through volatility-based separation, solving the environmental pollution problem
4Manufacturing precision
If high-purity reagents with high purity are used to improve product quality and stabilize purity above 3N5, then the product quality improves, but the cost becomes too high
Solution Approach 1:
The distillation process is self-purifying, using the inherent volatility differences between vanadium compounds and impurities to achieve separation. No external high-purity reagents are needed, as the system purifies itself through controlled vaporization and condensation, maintaining high product quality at low cost
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach results in high-purity vanadium tetraoxide with a purity above 4N, suitable for large-scale industrial production, reducing operational costs and environmental impact while ensuring stable product quality and efficient energy use.
Implementation Method 1
Raw material chlorination—purification by rectification—subsequent treatment is a commonly-used preparation process for high-purity materials such as high-purity silicon (polysilicon), high-purity silicon dioxide, and the like. Because of a very large difference between boiling points of the chloride of vanadium, vanadium oxytrichloride, and the chlorides of common impurities such as iron, calcium, magnesium, aluminum, sodium, potassium and the like, high-purity vanadium oxytrichloride is easily obtained by rectification
Implementation Method 2
high-purity vanadium pentoxide can be prepared by subjecting the high-purity vanadium oxytrichloride to hydrolysis and ammonium salt precipitation
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention provides a system and method for producing high-purity vanadium tetraoxide powder. Industrial grade vanadium pentoxide is converted to vanadium oxytrichloride by low temperature fluidizing chlorination, wherein chlorinating gas is preheated via heat exchange between fluidizing gas and chlorination flue gas, and an appropriate amount of air is added to enable a part of carbon powder to combust so as to achieve a balanced heat supply during the chlorination, thereby increasing the efficiency of chlorination and ensuring good selectivity in low temperature chlorination. The vanadium oxytrichloride is purified by rectification, and then subjected to fluidized gas phase hydrolyzation, thereby producing a high-purity vanadium pentoxide product and a by-product solution of hydrochloric acid, and further obtaining a high-purity vanadium tetraoxide powder product through fluidized hydrogen reduction. The system and method have advantages of favorable adaptability to raw material, no discharge of contaminated wastewater, low energy consumption, etc.