Variable Steering Ratio via Epicyclic Gearbox and Torque Control

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current power assisted steering systems in work vehicles, such as those combining electronic power steering (EPS) and hydraulic steering units (HSU), lack a cost-effective solution for variable steering ratio and torque control at the steering wheel, which is essential for operator ease and vehicle maneuverability.

Innovation Solution

Incorporating an epicyclic gearbox between the EPS and HSU, coupled with a motor to adjust the steering ratio, and an electronic control unit (ECU) to manage torque and steering characteristics, allowing for selective control of the torque felt by the operator and the steering ratio between the steering wheel and HSU.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Adaptability or versatility

If a steer-by-wire system is used to control torque and steering ratio, then variable steering ratio and torque control are achieved, but cost increases and security protocols are required

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvevariable steering ratio controlVSAvoidsystem complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

An epicyclic gearbox is introduced as an intermediary mechanical component between the steering wheel and the hydraulic steering unit. This gearbox provides variable steering ratio through its inherent mechanical geometry without requiring complex electronic control systems, thereby achieving adaptability while avoiding the complexity and cost of steer-by-wire systems

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent replaces the entirely electrical steer-by-wire system with a hybrid approach that uses a mechanical epicyclic gearbox for steering ratio variation, combined with a simplified electronic power steering motor for torque control. This substitution reduces system complexity and cost while maintaining the desired functionality

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

2Adaptability or versatility

If a fixed mechanical linkage is used between steering column and HSU, then system simplicity is maintained, but variable steering ratio cannot be achieved

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvevariable steering ratioVSAvoidsteering mechanism complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent transforms the fixed mechanical linkage into a dynamic system by incorporating an epicyclic gearbox that can continuously vary the steering ratio. The gearbox allows the mechanical connection between steering wheel and HSU to adapt its transmission ratio based on operating conditions, providing variability while maintaining mechanical simplicity through inherent gear geometry

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Data Source

PatentEP3492344B1A vehicle with a variable steering ratio
Publication Date: 2022.04.20 CNH IND ITALIA SPA
  • EP3492344B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3492344B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3492344B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

A steering mechanism (40) for a vehicle including a steering wheel (42), a rotatable steering column (44) coupled to the steering wheel (42), and a hydraulic steering unit (46) operably connected to the steering column (44) and configured to translate a rotational movement of the steering column (44) to steer the vehicle. The steering mechanism (40) also includes a steering assister (48) operably coupled to the steering wheel (42) and configured for controlling at least one of a torque that acts on the steering column (44) and a steering ratio between the steering wheel (42) and the hydraulic steering unit (46), and a controller (50) operably coupled with the hydraulic steering unit (46) and the steering assister (48). The controller (50) is configured for selectively controlling at least one of a torque experienced by an operator and the steering ratio.