Virtual Steering Axle for Passive Toe Correction

Resolve Bottlenecks,
Find Innovative Solutions
Generate Solutions

Solution Overview

Problem

Existing motor vehicle axles, particularly in small and very small cars, are costly due to complex designs and high material and maintenance costs, and they lack efficient toe correction mechanisms, leading to subcritical driving conditions and reduced driving comfort.

Innovation Solution

A torsion beam rear axle with a virtual steering axis is implemented, utilizing a pivot bearing and two rubber-metal bearings to create a spring center of gravity outside the vehicle, allowing for passive toe correction through braking and cornering forces, reducing the need for active actuators and sensors.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Adaptability or versatility

If a complex axle construction with active actuators and sensors is used for toe correction, then toe correction capability is improved, but production costs, initial assembly costs, and maintenance costs increase significantly

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvetoe correction capabilityVSAvoidaxle construction complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent extracts the active actuator and sensor systems from the toe correction mechanism, replacing them with a passive geometric design. The virtual steering axis is positioned outside the vehicle body, allowing toe correction to occur automatically through the suspension kinematics without requiring active components, thus simplifying the device while maintaining adaptability

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Solution Approach 2:

The axle design enables self-service toe correction through its geometric configuration. The virtual steering axis position and link arm arrangement automatically produce the desired toe-in effect during compression and cornering without external control systems, eliminating the need for active actuators and sensors

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

2Adaptability or versatility

If a complex axle construction with active actuators is used for toe correction, then toe correction capability is improved, but the weight of the axle increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvetoe correction capabilityVSAvoidaxle weight
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSWeight of moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The patent removes the heavy active actuator components from the axle assembly, replacing them with a lightweight passive geometric design. The virtual steering axis configuration achieves toe correction through the existing suspension components' arrangement, eliminating the need for additional heavy machinery while maintaining correction capability

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Solution Approach 2:

The design uses simple, lightweight geometric arrangements instead of complex, heavy active systems. The virtual steering axis and link arm configuration provide durable, maintenance-free toe correction without the weight penalty of active components, effectively replacing expensive and heavy systems with simpler alternatives

Inventive Principle:
Principle #27Cheap short-living objects (Disposable)

3Adaptability or versatility

If the virtual steering axis is positioned outside the vehicle, then toe correction effect is improved, but the axle construction becomes more complex

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvetoe correction effectVSAvoidaxle construction complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent positions the virtual steering axis in a different spatial dimension - outside the vehicle body rather than within the axle assembly. This external positioning is achieved through the geometric arrangement of link arms and pivot points, creating a virtual axis that extends beyond the physical components. This dimensional shift allows the steering axis to be effectively relocated without adding physical complexity to the axle construction

Inventive Principle:
Principle #17Another dimension (Dimensionality change)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This design results in a cost-effective, low-weight axle with improved driving characteristics and longer service life, maintaining suspension kinematics while providing effective toe correction without increasing maintenance needs.

Implementation Method 1

two rubber-metal bearings (7a, 7b), which form a spring center of gravity (9), based on the motor vehicle coordinate system outside of the motor vehicle

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElasticity: Elasticity

Data Source

PatentEP2497660B1Motor vehicle axle with virtual steering axle
Publication Date: 2016.02.03 BENTELER AUTOMOBILTECHNIK GMBH
  • EP2497660B1 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP2497660B1 patent drawingFigure 3~4
  • EP2497660B1 patent drawingFigure 5

AI summary

The axle (1) has a torsion profile (2) comprising longitudinal rocker arms (3), and a wheel suspension (5) coupled to a free end of the rocker arms and pivotable around a virtual steering axle (10). A wheel carrier is screwed at the wheel suspension. The wheel suspension is coupled with the rocker arms over two rubber-metal bearings (7a, 7b). The metal bearings form a spring balance point (9) that lies on a motor vehicle coordinate system at an outer side of a motor vehicle, where the steering axle intersects the spring balance point and a pivot bearing (6) i.e. spherical joint.