Wearable Sweat Sensor Heat Pipe for Localized Heating

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing biometric sensing technologies face challenges in effectively generating and collecting sweat for analysis, particularly in providing localized heating to enhance sensor efficacy and efficiently transferring heat to improve sweat generation around sensors.

Innovation Solution

A wearable device with heat transfer means formed using additive manufacturing, comprising a heat pipe that transfers heat from a higher temperature location to sensors, integrated into a wearable electronic device, which includes sensors to detect biometric parameters like sweat composition and rate, and a sweat transfer structure with absorption, evaporation, and transport regions to facilitate sweat collection and analysis.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If heat transfer means is used to transfer heat from a first location to a second location proximate to sensors, then sweat generation around sensors is enhanced and sensor efficacy is improved, but device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesensor efficacyVSAvoiddevice complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

A heat transfer means (heat pipe) is introduced as an intermediary component to transfer heat from a heat source at a first location to a second location proximate to the sensors. This mediator enables localized heating around sensors without requiring the heat source to be directly adjacent to the sensors, thereby enhancing sweat generation and sensor efficacy while managing device complexity through functional separation.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

2Measurement precision

If heat is transferred from electronic components to improve sweat generation, then sensor performance is enhanced, but electronic components may overheat

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesensor performanceVSAvoidelectronic component temperature
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSTemperature

Solution Approach 1:

The heat transfer means acts as an intermediary that extracts heat from electronic components (which would otherwise overheat) and transports it to the sensor location. This resolves the contradiction by converting potentially harmful excess heat from electronics into a useful function (enhancing sweat generation at sensors), thereby improving sensor performance while preventing electronic component overheating.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Solution Approach 2:

Excess heat from electronic components, which could cause overheating and performance degradation, is converted into a beneficial function by transferring it to the sensor region to enhance sweat generation. This transforms a harmful thermal byproduct into a useful resource that improves measurement precision.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #22Blessing in disguise (Convert harm into benefit)

3Ease of operation

If heat transfer means is integrated into wearable device, then localized heating for sweat generation is achieved, but manufacturing complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvelocalized heating capabilityVSAvoidmanufacturing complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSEase of manufacture

Solution Approach 1:

The heat transfer means enables dynamic control of thermal parameters at different locations within the wearable device. By transferring heat from a centralized source to specific sensor locations, the system achieves localized heating capability without requiring multiple independent heating elements, thereby simplifying manufacturing while maintaining operational flexibility.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The solution enhances sweat generation around sensors, improving their efficacy and allowing for more accurate biometric parameter detection, while also providing cooling to prevent overheating of electronic components and reducing sweating in undesirable areas.

Implementation Method 1

The heat transfer means may comprise a heat pipe

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectHeat pipe: Heat Pipe

Implementation Method 2

heat pipe that transfers heat from a higher temperature location to sensors

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPhase change: Phase Change

Implementation Method 3

transfers heat from a first location to a second location proximate to the one or more sensors

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectHeat conduction: Conduction (thermal)

Implementation Method 4

the transport region comprises a wick structure which is configured to transport sweat from the at least one absorption region to the at least one evaporation region

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectCapillary action: Capillary Action

Implementation Method 5

at least one evaporation region; which is configured to transfer heat from a first location to a second location proximate to the one or more sensors

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectEvaporation: Evaporation

Data Source

PatentEP3643236B1An apparatus for sensing biometric parameters
Publication Date: 2023.11.01 NOKIA TECHNOLOGIES OY
  • EP3643236B1 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP3643236B1 patent drawingFigure 3~4
  • EP3643236B1 patent drawingFigure 5~6

AI summary

Examples of the disclosure relate to apparatus for sensing biometric parameters and methods of forming the apparatus. The apparatus may comprise one or more sensors configured to sense one or more biometric parameters from a subject's sweat. The apparatus may also comprise heat transfer means configured to transfer heat from a first location to a location proximate to the one or more sensors. The heat transfer means may therefore provide localized heating within the region of the one or more sensors. The apparatus could be provided within a wearable device.