Wide-Slot Coplanar Antenna for Windshield V2X Beamwidth
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Solution Overview
Problem
Modern vehicles require antennas with a wide field-of-view for vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication, but existing antennas lack the necessary radiation patterns to effectively communicate with other vehicles, infrastructure, and pedestrians across various frequency bands, especially when integrated into vehicle windshields.
Innovation Solution
A coplanar antenna structure with a wide slot and semi-circular ring scattering element is integrated into a laminated transparent assembly, using a substrate with a Polyvinyl butyral (PVB) binding material, to enhance electromagnetic radiation and improve azimuth beamwidth, capable of operating in frequency bands like 5.9 GHz, 2.4 GHz, and 5.8 GHz.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If a conventional antenna structure is used, then the antenna can be mounted on the vehicle roof, but the antenna cannot be effectively integrated into the vehicle windshield with good dielectric substrate utilization
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the geometric parameters of the antenna slot from conventional narrow dimensions to a wide slot configuration with width to length ratio of at least 0.4, and modifies the substrate material parameters by using laminated glass with PVB binding material to achieve both windshield integration and reliable signal transmission across multiple frequency bands
2Ease of operation
If existing antenna designs are used, then the structure is simple, but the azimuth beamwidth is insufficient for wide field-of-view V2X communication
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces a semi-circular ring scattering element with curved geometry surrounding the radiating portion, which modifies the radiation pattern to achieve wider azimuth beamwidth and improved field-of-view coverage without significantly complicating the overall antenna structure
Solution Approach 2:
The patent transitions from a planar slot antenna to a three-dimensional structure by adding the semi-circular ring scattering element that extends in the vertical dimension, creating a more complex radiation pattern with enhanced azimuth beamwidth while maintaining relatively simple fabrication
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The antenna structure provides improved radiation patterns and increased azimuth beamwidth, enabling effective V2X communication by enhancing electric field radiation in desired directions, suitable for integration into vehicle windshields and other transparent structures.
Implementation Method 1
a radiating portion that is configured to emit and/or receive electromagnetic radiation
Implementation Method 2
a scattering element disposed over the substrate and at least partially surrounds the radiating portion
Data Source
AI summary
An antenna is disclosed. The antenna can include a coplanar antenna structure. The coplanar antenna structure can include a substrate and a radiating portion that is configured to emit electromagnetic radiation and is disposed over the substrate. The radiating portion defines a slot having a width to length ratio of at least approximately 0.4. The antenna also includes a scattering element disposed over the substrate and at least partially surrounds the radiating portion.