Word-Line Voltage Boosting via Parasitic Capacitance

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Solution Overview

Problem

As electronic devices transition to smaller scale technology nodes, the limited standard power supply voltages (e.g., 5V, 3V, 1.8V, 0.9V) restrict the minimum supply voltage for word-line operation in memory devices, leading to write failures and read disturb failures, and existing solutions require additional circuitry or separate power sources for voltage boosting.

Innovation Solution

The method involves using parasitic capacitances between the word-line and a dummy line, leveraging PMOS transistors to boost the word-line voltage by controlling the resistance and duration of switch closures, without requiring additional circuit elements or power sources, and pre-discharging the dummy line to ground potential before operations.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Volume of moving object

If standard power supply voltages are used in smaller scale technology nodes, then device scaling is achieved, but word-line voltage becomes insufficient leading to write failures and read disturb failures

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvetechnology node sizeVSAvoidwrite failure rate
Core Design Contradiction:
Volume of moving objectVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes the voltage parameter dynamically by coupling a dummy line to the supply voltage to boost the word-line voltage above the standard supply voltage level, thereby maintaining reliable write operations despite scaling to smaller technology nodes with lower standard voltages

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The patent introduces a dummy line as an intermediary element that couples between the supply voltage and the word-line through parasitic capacitance, enabling voltage boosting without requiring additional power sources or complex circuitry

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

2Reliability

If power supply voltage is boosted to improve write operations, then write margin is improved, but additional circuitry and power sources are required

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvewrite marginVSAvoidcircuitry complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent employs self-service by utilizing the inherent parasitic capacitance between the dummy line and word-line, along with the body effect of PMOS transistors, to achieve voltage boosting without external power sources or additional active circuit elements

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Solution Approach 2:

The patent extracts and utilizes the parasitic capacitance that naturally exists in the CMOS process between the dummy line and word-line, converting what is typically considered a parasitic effect into a useful mechanism for voltage boosting

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

3Reliability

If voltage boosting circuitry is added to overcome voltage limitations, then word-line voltage is sufficient, but chip area increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveword-line voltage sufficiencyVSAvoidchip area
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSArea of stationary object

Solution Approach 1:

The dummy line serves multiple functions: it acts as a voltage boosting mechanism through parasitic capacitance coupling, provides shielding for the word-line, and can be integrated into existing memory cell structures without requiring dedicated voltage boosting circuitry

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent merges the voltage boosting function with the existing dummy line structure that is already present in many memory designs for shielding or other purposes, thereby achieving voltage boosting without adding separate dedicated circuitry

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This approach enhances memory performance by boosting the word-line voltage above the supply voltage, reducing chip area and power management complexity, and improving write margin without slowing down memory operations, thus addressing the limitations of existing solutions.

Implementation Method 1

techniques to boost word-line voltage using parasitic capacitances

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectParasitic capacitance: Parasitic Capacitance

Implementation Method 2

leveraging a low-to-high voltage transition of gate-drain parasitic capacitances of the PMOS transistors to further boost the word-line voltage

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectBody effect:

Data Source

PatentEP2884494B1Techniques to boost word-line voltage using parasitic capacitances
Publication Date: 2021.02.17 AVAGO TECHNOLOGIES INTERNATIONAL SALES PTE LTD
  • EP2884494B1 patent drawingFigure 1A
  • EP2884494B1 patent drawingFigure 1B~1C
  • EP2884494B1 patent drawingFigure 2

AI summary

A memory device with word-line voltage boosting includes a set of first switches that are operable to couple a word-line of the memory device to a supply voltage to pull the word-line up to a rail voltage. A dummy line including a conductive route can be disposed in a vicinity of the word-line to form a parasitic coupling capacitance with the word-line. A second switch is operable to couple the dummy line to the supply voltage to pull the dummy line to the rail voltage. Pulling up the dummy line boosts the word-line voltage above the rail voltage by a boost voltage.