Stationary X-ray Anode Cooling Duct Nozzle Gap Design
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Solution Overview
Problem
Stationary X-ray generator anodes face corrosion and material destruction due to the use of demineralized water as a coolant, especially when in contact with copper materials, exacerbated by high temperatures and flow rates, and existing cooling designs are prone to mechanical damage during assembly.
Innovation Solution
A stationary anode design featuring a main anode body with an internal axial cooling duct and a nozzle positioned via stop elements to create a 360° gap around the heat exchange surface, ensuring even fluid flow and reducing direct contact, with a conically shaped central region for enhanced heat transfer and a funnel-shaped outlet to increase flow rates, and using radially projecting stop elements to prevent thermal stress and mechanical damage.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Temperature
If demineralized water is used as cooling fluid, then cooling efficiency is improved, but corrosion and material destruction occur
Solution Approach 1:
A coating layer is applied to the heat exchange surface to act as an intermediary barrier between the demineralized water cooling fluid and the copper main anode body. This coating prevents direct contact and corrosion while allowing thermal energy transfer, thus maintaining cooling efficiency without material destruction
Solution Approach 2:
The anode structure uses composite material construction with a copper main anode body providing thermal conductivity and a protective coating layer providing corrosion resistance. This composite approach combines materials with complementary properties to simultaneously achieve efficient cooling and durability in the corrosive cooling fluid environment
2Temperature
If cooling fluid flow rate is increased, then heat dissipation is improved, but mechanical stress and coating damage increase
Solution Approach 1:
Stop elements are pre-positioned to define a gap between the nozzle and heat exchange surface before the cooling fluid flows. This preliminary geometric configuration ensures that even at high flow rates, the cooling fluid does not create excessive mechanical stress or direct impact that could damage the coating, while still maintaining effective heat dissipation through the controlled flow path
3Temperature
If nozzle is positioned close to heat exchange surface, then heat transfer efficiency is improved, but mechanical damage risk increases
Solution Approach 1:
The gap defined by stop elements acts as an intermediary space between the nozzle and heat exchange surface. This gap prevents direct mechanical contact and potential damage while still allowing the cooling fluid to effectively reach the heat exchange surface for efficient heat transfer, thus resolving the contradiction between close positioning for thermal efficiency and separation for mechanical protection
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This design enhances heat dissipation, reduces thermal stress, and increases the anode's lifespan by ensuring uniform fluid distribution and preventing local hot spots, while allowing for conventional manufacturing and precise geometry, thus improving the anode's performance and safety margin.
Implementation Method 1
an internal cooling duct running in the axial direction for conveying a cooling fluid to a heat exchange surface of the main anode body
Implementation Method 2
heat exchange surface which are used to transfer heat to the cooling fluid flowing through the stationary anode
Data Source
AI summary
A stationary anode for an X-ray generator, in particular of an X-ray imaging device or an X-ray therapy or spectroscopy device, includes a main anode body and an internal cooling duct, running in the axial direction, for conveying a cooling fluid to a heat exchange surface of the main anode body. A nozzle, disposed at the end of the cooling duct, is inventively positioned with respect to the heat exchange surface via stop elements such that, between the heat exchange surface and the nozzle, a gap is formed which extends over an angular range of 360° about the axial direction.