X-ray Detector Noise Reduction via Intermediary Electrode
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing X-ray detectors face challenges in minimizing electrical noise in wires and electrodes, which affects their detective quantum efficiency (DQE).
Innovation Solution
The X-ray detector design includes a substrate with specific electrode and insulation layer configurations, such as a gate line, semiconductor layer, source and drain electrodes, a photodiode, and insulation layers, which minimize electrical noise by optimizing the placement and connection of these components to reduce electron trap phenomena and improve signal detection efficiency.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Device complexity
If electrical conductors and electrodes are placed closer together to reduce device complexity, then device complexity is reduced, but electrical noise increases due to electron trap phenomena
Solution Approach 1:
An intermediate electrical conductor is introduced between the data line and the source electrode to serve as a mediator. This intermediate conductor includes a first portion positioned at the opening to contact the source electrode and a second portion positioned on the insulation layer to contact the data line, thereby reducing electrical noise while maintaining electrical connection
Solution Approach 2:
The electrical connection is transitioned from a planar arrangement to a three-dimensional structure by positioning the intermediate conductor both at the opening (contacting source electrode) and on the insulation layer (contacting data line), separating the conductors in the vertical dimension to reduce noise
2Object-affected harmful factors
If insulation layers are made thicker to reduce electrical noise, then electrical noise is minimized, but manufacturing precision requirements increase
Solution Approach 1:
The insulation layer structure is made non-uniform with different thicknesses in different regions: the second insulation layer is thicker than the first insulation layer, and the third insulation layer is thicker than the first insulation layer, providing localized noise reduction where needed while maintaining overall manufacturability
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This design enhances the detective quantum efficiency (DQE) of the X-ray detector by minimizing electrical noise, leading to improved light detection efficiency and better image quality.
Implementation Method 1
a photodiode that is positioned on the lower electrode
Implementation Method 2
a scintillator layer that is positioned on the planarization layer
Data Source
AI summary
An X-ray detector includes a substrate; a gate line that is extended in a first direction on the substrate; a gate electrode that is extended from the gate line; a semiconductor layer that is positioned on the gate electrode; a source electrode and drain electrode that are positioned on the semiconductor layer; a lower electrode that is extended from the drain electrode; a photodiode that is positioned on the lower electrode; a first insulation layer that is positioned on the source electrode and the drain electrode and that includes a first opening that exposes the source electrode; and a data line that is extended in a second direction intersecting a first direction on the first insulation layer to intersect the gate line with the first insulation layer interposed between the data line and the gate line, and the data line being electrically connected to the source electrode through the first opening.