X-ray Optical System with Adjustable Aperture Assembly
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current x-ray optical systems are inefficient due to the need for multiple optics with different convergence angles and focal lengths for various applications, leading to high costs and time consumption for adjustments, and they struggle with minimizing background radiation when handling multiple wavelengths.
Innovation Solution
An x-ray optical system with a multiple corner optic assembly and an adjustable aperture assembly that allows for the adjustment of beam convergence and focal spot size, enabling conditioning of x-rays of multiple wavelengths while minimizing unwanted background radiation.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If multiple optics with different convergence angles and focal lengths are used for various applications, then the system can accommodate different sample types and measurement needs, but the device complexity and operational costs increase significantly
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements a dynamically adjustable optic where the convergence angle and focal length can be changed continuously through motorized rotation of the optic assembly. This allows a single optic to replace multiple fixed optics, enabling the system to adapt to different sample types and measurement needs without increasing device complexity
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates a universal optic assembly that can perform multiple functions by adjusting its orientation. A single optic structure serves as both collimating and focusing optics depending on its rotational position, eliminating the need for multiple specialized optics and reducing overall system complexity
2Adaptability or versatility
If traditional bending total reflection mirrors are used to achieve adjustable focal distances, then variable convergence is possible, but the alignment and adjustment become very time consuming and difficult
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces complex mechanical alignment mechanisms with a simplified rotational mounting system. The optic is mounted on a rotation stage with angular positioning control, allowing focal distance adjustment through simple rotation rather than complex mechanical bending and alignment procedures
Solution Approach 2:
The patent implements self-aligning features where the optic assembly automatically maintains proper alignment during rotation. The mounting structure includes alignment references and positioning mechanisms that ensure the optic remains correctly oriented throughout its range of motion, eliminating the need for manual realignment at each position
3Adaptability or versatility
If variable bent multilayer mirrors are used to achieve adjustable focal lengths, then different applications can be accommodated, but the ability to satisfy both Bragg condition and geometric condition simultaneously is lost
Solution Approach 1:
The patent separates the functions of wavelength selection and focal length adjustment into independent components. The multilayer optic structure remains fixed to maintain Bragg condition, while a separate rotation mechanism adjusts the geometric configuration. This segmentation allows both conditions to be satisfied simultaneously at each operating position
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces an intermediary rotational stage between the fixed multilayer optic and the sample stage. This intermediary mechanism allows independent optimization of the optic structure for Bragg reflection while providing adjustable geometric configuration, acting as a mediator that decouples the two conditions
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The system optimizes flux and resolution by allowing easy adjustment of convergence and focal spot size, reducing the need for multiple optics and minimizing background radiation, thereby increasing efficiency and reducing operational costs.
Implementation Method 1
Multilayer structures only reflect x-ray radiation when Bragg's equation is satisfied: nλ = 2d sin(Θ), where n = the order of reflection, λ = wavelength of the incident radiation, d = layer-set spacing of a Bragg structure, Θ = angle of incidence
Implementation Method 2
total reflection mirrors having a reflective surface coated with gold, copper, nickel, platinum, and other similar elements
Implementation Method 3
Curved multilayer reflectors, including parabolic, elliptical, and other aspherically shaped reflectors must satisfy Bragg's law to reflect a certain specific x-ray wavelength
Data Source
Figure 1~2a
Figure 2b~3a
Figure 3b~3c
AI summary
An x-ray optical system includes a multiple corner optic assembly including an adjustable aperture assembly located in close proximity to the optic assembly. The adjustable aperture assembly enables a user to easily and effectively adjust the convergence of an incident beam of x-rays or the optic focal spot size. The adjustable aperture assembly may further enable a user to condition x-rays of one wavelength and block x-rays of another wavelength and thereby reduce the amount of background radiation exhibited from x-rays of more than one wavelength.