X-Ray Phantom Structure for Verifying Bone Detection Capability
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional X-ray inspection methods using phantoms fail to detect changes in detection capability of X-ray inspection apparatus, particularly for food products with inhomogeneous structures, leading to undetected bone pieces, compromising safety and reliability.
Innovation Solution
A phantom with artificial material comprising regions of different propagation path lengths and localized pieces of different material, mimicking the internal structure of the food product, is used to verify the detection capability of X-ray inspection apparatus, enhancing its reliability in detecting small bone pieces.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If conventional phantoms with uniform material composition are used for calibration, then the X-ray apparatus can be calibrated at usual time intervals, but changes in detection capability remain undetected and the apparatus may let pass undetected bone pieces
Solution Approach 1:
The phantom incorporates regions with different material compositions (mimicking bone, muscle, fat) and different thicknesses to create local variations in X-ray attenuation. This allows the phantom to challenge the X-ray apparatus with heterogeneous structures similar to actual food products, enabling detection of capability changes that uniform phantoms would miss.
Solution Approach 2:
The phantom is divided into multiple distinct regions with different attenuation properties and thicknesses. This segmentation creates various challenge scenarios within a single phantom, allowing comprehensive verification of detection capability across different product characteristics without requiring multiple separate calibration objects.
2Reliability
If phantoms mimicking product composition are used, then calibration can be performed, but internal structure information is lost and the challenge to the X-ray apparatus is insufficient
Solution Approach 1:
The phantom incorporates regions with different material compositions (mimicking bone, muscle, fat) and different thicknesses to create local variations in X-ray attenuation. This allows the phantom to challenge the X-ray apparatus with heterogeneous structures similar to actual food products, enabling detection of capability changes that uniform phantoms would miss.
Solution Approach 2:
The phantom is designed in advance with known attenuation characteristics and structured regions that preemptively create challenging inspection scenarios. This preliminary structuring ensures that when the phantom is inspected, it immediately presents the appropriate level of difficulty to verify detection capability without requiring complex real-time adjustments.
3Measurement precision
If the phantom has regions with different propagation path lengths, then the detection capability verification is improved, but the phantom complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The phantom is divided into multiple distinct regions with different attenuation properties and thicknesses. This segmentation creates various challenge scenarios within a single phantom, allowing comprehensive verification of detection capability across different product characteristics without requiring multiple separate calibration objects.
Solution Approach 2:
The single phantom structure serves multiple verification functions simultaneously by incorporating different material regions and thicknesses. This multi-functionality allows one phantom to replace what would otherwise require multiple specialized calibration objects, managing complexity while maintaining comprehensive verification capability.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The method provides a more reliable verification of X-ray apparatus detection capabilities, ensuring accurate identification of bone pieces and maintaining safety by challenging the apparatus to correctly identify true positives and false positives in inhomogeneous products.
Implementation Method 1
a beam of X-ray radiation having first and second energies is generated and a meat sample of arbitrary size is inserted into the beam. The attenuation of the X-ray beam at the first and second energies is detected after a test meat sample passed through the X-ray inspection zone
Implementation Method 2
From a previously determined index of photoelectric absorption and Compton scattering values corresponding to meat and bone, and the attenuation of the X-rays at the first and second energies, a ratio of bone and non-bone portions of meat is deduced
Implementation Method 3
From a previously determined index of photoelectric absorption and Compton scattering values corresponding to meat and bone
Data Source
AI summary
These disclosures provide a method of verifying detection capability of an X-ray inspection apparatus with respect to a product type, such as a food product, where a body is subject to X-rays propagating through the body in an inspection zone of the X-ray inspection apparatus, where the body is a phantom mainly made from artificial material and including at least two regions (A, B) with different propagation path lengths, a difference between the propagation path lengths correlating with a difference of measured X-ray attenuation arising between regions of a product sample of the product type mimicked by the phantom whose regions correspond to the regions (A, B) of the phantom.