Zener-Protected Power Transistor Layout for High-Temperature Stability

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing power semiconductor devices face challenges in maintaining stable electrical characteristics and reliability, particularly under high voltage and temperature conditions, which affect their performance and durability.

Innovation Solution

The semiconductor device incorporates a main transistor with a barrier layer of different energy band gap, a gate electrode, and a Zener diode connected to a peripheral circuit element, along with a detector to monitor and control voltage changes, enhancing stability and reliability.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Power

If power semiconductor devices are used to handle high voltage and high current, then the power handling capability is improved, but the electrical characteristics become unstable particularly at high temperatures

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvepower handling capabilityVSAvoidelectrical characteristics stability
Core Design Contradiction:
PowerVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The device is divided into a main transistor region for power handling and a peripheral circuit element region for protection functions. The Zener diode is specifically positioned to connect between these regions, creating distinct functional zones that address both power capability and stability requirements simultaneously.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The Zener diode acts as an intermediary protection element between the main transistor and peripheral circuit elements. It mediates voltage fluctuations by clamping excessive voltage, thereby protecting the main transistor while allowing it to maintain high power handling capability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

2Ease of manufacture

If existing silicon wafers are used to manufacture power semiconductor devices, then manufacturing cost is reduced, but electrical characteristics become unstable at high temperatures

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemanufacturing costVSAvoidhigh temperature stability
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSTemperature

Solution Approach 1:

The patent employs a composite structure combining SiC substrate with aluminum nitride barrier layer and gallium nitride channel layer. This composite material approach leverages SiC's high temperature stability while using AlN and GaN for their superior electrical characteristics, achieving both thermal stability and electrical performance.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

Solution Approach 2:

The invention changes the material parameters by transitioning from silicon-based materials to wide bandgap materials (SiC, AlN, GaN). This parameter change in material composition enables stable electrical characteristics at high temperatures while maintaining manufacturing feasibility through established semiconductor fabrication processes.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Reliability

If SiC materials are used to manufacture power semiconductor devices, then high temperature resistance and low power loss are achieved, but manufacturing cost increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvehigh temperature resistanceVSAvoidmanufacturing cost
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSEase of manufacture

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies SiC material specifically in the substrate and drift region where high temperature resistance is most critical, while using AlN and GaN in the barrier and channel layers where electrical characteristics are paramount. This localized material assignment optimizes both performance and cost by placing each material where it provides maximum benefit.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

4Speed

If GaN materials are used to manufacture power semiconductor devices, then high speed performance is achieved, but manufacturing cost increases significantly

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveoperating speedVSAvoidmanufacturing cost
Core Design Contradiction:
SpeedVSEase of manufacture

Solution Approach 1:

The invention changes the bandgap parameter by using GaN with its wide bandgap特性 to achieve high electron mobility and fast switching speed. The specific composition parameter of Ga1-xAlxN barrier layer is optimized to balance electron confinement for high speed operation with manufacturing cost considerations.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The solution improves the electrical characteristics and reliability of semiconductor devices by effectively managing voltage fluctuations and protecting against overcurrent, overvoltage, and temperature extremes.

Implementation Method 1

a Zener diode connected between the other end of the main transistor and the peripheral circuit element

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectZener breakdown: Avalanche Breakdown

Implementation Method 2

a barrier layer disposed on the main channel layer and including a material having an energy band gap different from that of the main channel layer

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectTwo-dimensional electron gas formation:

Data Source

PatentEP4618725A1Semiconductor device
Publication Date: 2025.09.17 SAMSUNG ELECTRONICS CO LTD
  • EP4618725A1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP4618725A1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP4618725A1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

A semiconductor device according to some implementations includes a main transistor, a peripheral circuit element connected to one end of the main transistor, and a Zener diode connected between the other end of the main transistor and the peripheral circuit element. The main transistor includes a main channel layer, a barrier layer disposed on the main channel layer, a main gate electrode disposed on the barrier layer, a gate semiconductor layer disposed between the barrier layer and the gate electrode, and a main source electrode and a main drain electrode connected to the main channel layer. The peripheral circuit element includes a sub-channel layer connected to the main drain electrode and including a drift region with a two-dimensional electron gas, and a detection electrode disposed on the sub-channel layer, and the Zener diode is electrically connected between the detection electrode and the main source electrode.