Functional microbial substrate modifier and application thereof in shrimp and crab culture

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of aquaculture, and particularly relates to a functional microbial substrate modifier and application thereof in shrimp and crab culture, and the functional microbial substrate modifier comprises activated yarrowia lipolytica fermented bottom mud powder and adsorbent composite powder, a microbial agent and a mineral additive. The functional microorganism substrate modifier is granular, contains various microorganisms, multiple minerals and nutrient substances required by shrimps and crabs, and is applied to shrimp and crab culture, so that the body color of the cultured shrimps and crabs can be improved, the immunity and the vitality can be improved, and the body color is healthier; shrimps and crabs can better cope with extreme weather and water environment, and the anti-stress ability is high; the feed also promotes food calling of shrimps and crabs, and can increase the weight of shrimps and crabs to a certain extent.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of aquaculture, and in particular to a functional microbial substrate improver and application thereof in shrimp and crab farming. Background Art

[0002] Water quality improvers refer to the reduction of the amount of harmful substances in aquaculture water that affect the growth and reproduction of fish, such as ammonia nitrogen, nitrite, sulfide, suspended matter, etc., by adding physically or chemically active drugs, thereby making the water more suitable for the needs of aquaculture.

[0003] Existing substrate improvers can be divided into many types, including physical adsorption type, chemical type, biological type, etc.

[0004] Physical adsorption type: such as zeolite powder, medical stone, activated carbon, etc., mainly remove harmful substances such as ammonia nitrogen, nitrite and organic matter in water bodies through physical adsorption. The advantage of this type of improver is that it can quickly adsorb and reduce harmful substances in water bodies, but the disadvantage is that long-term use may cause the bottom to deteriorate and it does not have a degradation function.

[0005] Chemical type: including quaternary phosphate salts and strong oxidants. Quaternary phosphate salts have the effect of breaking the surface tension of the pond bottom, degrading organic matter, and inhibiting bacteria and sterilization, but phosphorus can easily lead to blue algae outbreaks, and the effect is greatly affected by water temperature. Strong oxidants such as potassium persulfate improve the dissolved oxygen content of water by oxidizing organic matter, but attention should be paid to its mildness and irritation.

[0006] Biological type: mainly composed of microbial preparations, such as Bacillus subtilis, photosynthetic bacteria, etc., which decompose organic matter through microbial metabolism, reduce the concentration of ammonia nitrogen and nitrite, and repair the microbial ecology of water bodies. This type of improver is highly safe and has no side effects, but it takes a long time to take effect and is greatly affected by water temperature and drug residues.

[0007] Detoxification type: such as sodium humate, EDTA, etc., mainly used for complexing and transforming toxic substances to reduce their toxicity or make them non-toxic.

[0008] For some enterprises engaged in microbial fermentation, their fermentation sludge generally needs to be treated harmlessly, and its secondary utilization has always been a problem.

[0009] Microbial fermentation sludge contains nutrients required for microbial growth. For biological substrate improvers, if the two can be combined, while at the same time solving the defect of slow effect, it is a difficult problem that needs to be solved urgently.

[0010] Based on this, the present invention is proposed. Summary of the invention

[0011] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a functional microbial substrate improver and its application in shrimp and crab farming to solve the above-mentioned problems.

[0012] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a functional microbial substrate improver and its application in shrimp and crab farming, which can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0013] Functional microbial substrate improver, including the following components:

[0014] The activated Yarrowia lipolytica fermentation sludge powder is combined with adsorbent composite powder, microbial agent and mineral additive.

[0015] Furthermore, the mass ratio of the activated Yarrowia lipolytica fermentation sludge powder to the adsorbent composite powder and the mineral additive is 100:(5-10).

[0016] Furthermore, the Yarrowia lipolytica fermentation sludge reacts in a liquid battery through a liquid-electric effect to obtain activated Yarrowia lipolytica fermentation sludge powder. The production method of the activated Yarrowia lipolytica fermentation sludge powder and adsorbent composite powder comprises the following steps:

[0017] Step 1, feeding the fermentation sludge of Yarrowia lipolytica into a liquid battery, adding water and an adsorbent into the liquid battery and stirring until a thin sludge is obtained, wherein the solid content of the thin sludge is 35% to 38%, the height of the thin sludge does not exceed half the height of the liquid battery, and the mass ratio of the fermentation sludge of Yarrowia lipolytica to the adsorbent is 100:17;

[0018] Step 2: Cover the liquid battery with a cell cover, which is provided with a plurality of air holes. The ratio of the total area of ​​all the air holes to the volume of the liquid battery is 15-20cm 2 / m 3 ; The power source connected to the electrodes of the liquid battery is pulse electricity, the voltage of the pulse electricity is 10kV, and the pulse frequency is 10-25Hz; after 11-12min of liquid-electric treatment, stop the liquid-electric treatment, open the pool cover, and suck the materials in the liquid battery into the filter press for filtration. The obtained filter cake is dried, crushed, and sieved to obtain a powder with a particle size less than or equal to 500μm, which is the activated Yarrowia lipolytica fermentation sludge powder and adsorbent composite powder.

[0019] Furthermore, the microbial agent is one or more of Bacillus, nitrifying bacteria, denitrifying bacteria, lactic acid bacteria, photosynthetic bacteria, and Clostridium butyricum.

[0020] Furthermore, the content of live bacteria in the functional microbial substrate improver is 500 million to 3 billion per gram.

[0021] Furthermore, the mineral additive is composed of major element minerals and trace element minerals, the major element minerals contain one or more of calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, sulfur, sodium, potassium, and chlorine, and the trace element minerals contain one or more of iron, copper, manganese, zinc, selenium, iodine, and cobalt.

[0022] Furthermore, the adsorbent is a molecular sieve.

[0023] Furthermore, the preparation method of the functional microbial substrate improver comprises: moistening the activated Yarrowia lipolytica fermentation sludge powder and the adsorbent composite powder with water to obtain a wetted mud material, wherein the amount of water added is 2.2% to 2.5% of the mass of the activated Yarrowia lipolytica fermentation sludge powder and the adsorbent composite powder; mixing the wetted mud material with microbial agents and mineral additives and stirring them evenly, drying them in the sun, crushing them, and sieving them to obtain a granular functional microbial substrate improver.

[0024] Furthermore, the functional microbial substrate improver is used in shrimp and crab farming.

[0025] Furthermore, the functional microbial substrate improver is pre-buried in the bottom mud of the shrimp and crab breeding farm by a pre-buried method, and the dosage of the functional microbial substrate improver is 41±0.3kg / hm 2 .

[0026] Phaffia rhodozyma is an obligate aerobic bacterium, and its fermentation products mainly include carotenoids, proteins, fats and carbohydrates.

[0027] When a pulsed high voltage is applied to a pair of electrodes placed in a liquid, the gap between the electrodes is instantly broken down, generating a strong arc spark discharge, accompanied by a series of significant physical, chemical, biological, and mechanical effects. This process is called the hydrostatic phenomenon / hydrostatic effect.

[0028] When the liquid-electric effect occurs, a mechanical effect (mechanical effect) is also generated, and the radially propagating mechanical pressure wave will produce a strong mechanical effect. During liquid phase discharge, the combined effects of sound, light, heat, shock waves and other factors will cause significant changes in the chemical composition of the liquid phase, among which the appearance of various free radicals and their products is the representative, making the liquid extremely chemically active. During liquid phase discharge, a strong current pulse appears in the discharge channel, which will form a strong pulse magnetic field around the discharge channel, causing the environment around the discharge channel to be under the action and influence of a strong electromagnetic field. The high temperature and high pressure generated by liquid phase discharge put the local liquid in the liquid phase in a supercritical state, causing a huge change in the properties of the liquid, so that this part of the liquid has supercritical fluid properties. The biological effect of liquid phase discharge can be attributed to the phenomenon that when liquid phase discharge occurs, due to the appearance of multiple effects such as force, sound, light, electromagnetic and chemical, and the comprehensive action on the organisms in the liquid, the activity, viability and other force aspects of the organisms undergo strong changes. Such as sterilization, microbial inactivation, etc.

[0029] For the fermentation sludge of Yarrowia lipolytica, if there are no pores on the pool cover, the material in the final liquid cell will be very fine and easy to harden immediately after subsequent water absorption and wetting, which is not conducive to the preparation of granules. If there are too many pores on the pool cover, for example, the ratio of the total area of ​​all pores to the volume of the liquid cell is 35cm 2 / m 3 , which will lead to excessive oxygen participation when the liquid-electric effect occurs, and eventually some components in the fermentation sludge of Yarrowia lipolytica will be oxidized in large quantities, resulting in the structure being no longer loose, and the specific surface area of ​​the composite powder does not exceed 100m 2 / g; and the specific surface area of ​​the activated Yarrowia lipolytica fermentation sludge powder and adsorbent composite powder of the present invention exceeds 387m 2 / g.

[0030] Bacillus: It has a strong decomposition ability and can quickly degrade organic matter and harmful substances to improve water quality. Bacillus can also grow effectively under low oxygen conditions and is suitable for anaerobic environments.

[0031] Nitrifying bacteria: These bacteria can convert ammonia nitrogen into nitrates, thereby reducing the content of harmful substances in the water.

[0032] Denitrifying bacteria: In anoxic environments, denitrifying bacteria can reduce nitrates to nitrogen gas, thereby removing nitrogen pollution from water bodies.

[0033] Lactic acid bacteria: Lactic acid bacteria decompose organic matter through anaerobic fermentation, producing beneficial substances such as lactic acid, which helps to improve the bottom environment.

[0034] Photosynthetic bacteria: Photosynthetic bacteria can use light energy to carry out photosynthesis in a weak light environment, decompose organic matter and increase the dissolved oxygen content.

[0035] Clostridium butyricum: This strain of bacteria grows well in anaerobic environments, can absorb harmful substances such as hydrogen sulfide at the bottom of the pond, and produce lactic acid and biological enzymes, creating an excellent growth environment for farmed animals.

[0036] Through synergistic action, these microbial strains can effectively decompose pollutants such as organic bait residues and feces in the bottom mud and convert them into nutrients that can be absorbed by algae and aquatic plants. At the same time, they inhibit the growth of harmful bacteria, thereby improving water quality and promoting the healthy growth of shrimp and crabs.

[0037] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0038] 1. The functional microbial substrate improver of the present invention is in granular form and contains a variety of microorganisms, multiple minerals and nutrients required by shrimps and crabs. It can be used in shrimp and crab farming to improve the body color of farmed shrimps and crabs, enhance immunity and vitality, and make the body color healthier; shrimps and crabs can also better cope with extreme weather and water environments, and have strong anti-stress capabilities; it also has the function of promoting shrimp and crab feeding and can increase the weight of shrimps and crabs to a certain extent.

[0039] 2. It can also improve the redox potential of the water body and the bottom, oxidize the black and smelly bottom mud, improve the bottom deodorization; effectively remove organic pollutants at the bottom of the pond, reduce chemical oxygen demand, effectively remove inorganic pollutants at the bottom of the pond, remove ammonia nitrogen, nitrite, hydrogen sulfide, etc., and prevent shrimp and crabs from poisoning and death. It can also effectively remove algae toxins and effectively reduce the death of shrimp and crabs.

[0040] 3. The fermentation sludge of Yarrowia lipolytica is treated in a liquid cell to effectively activate it, making it more suitable as a nutrient matrix for a substrate improver. At the same time, it is also beneficial to fuse the various components of the substrate improver into granules, with a high yield rate, and is suitable for industrial production. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] The present invention is further described in detail below through specific examples.

[0042] The following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application is not intended to limit the scope of the present application for protection, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in the field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0043] Example 1

[0044] Functional microbial substrate improver, including the following components:

[0045] The activated Yarrowia lipolytica fermentation sludge powder, adsorbent composite powder, microbial agent and mineral additive. The mass ratio of the activated Yarrowia lipolytica fermentation sludge powder, adsorbent composite powder and mineral additive is 100:5.

[0046] The microbial agent is a composite of Bacillus, nitrifying bacteria, denitrifying bacteria, lactic acid bacteria, photosynthetic bacteria and Clostridium butyricum, and the content of live bacteria in the functional microbial substrate improver is 500 million to 3 billion per gram.

[0047] The Yarrowia lipolytica fermentation sludge reacts in a liquid battery through a liquid-electric effect to obtain activated Yarrowia lipolytica fermentation sludge powder. The production method of the activated Yarrowia lipolytica fermentation sludge powder and an adsorbent composite powder comprises the following steps:

[0048] Step 1, feeding the fermentation sludge of Yarrowia lipolytica into a liquid battery, adding water and an adsorbent into the liquid battery and stirring until a thin sludge is obtained, wherein the solid content of the thin sludge is 38%, the height of the thin sludge does not exceed half the height of the liquid battery, and the mass ratio of the fermentation sludge of Yarrowia lipolytica to the adsorbent is 100:17;

[0049] Step 2: Cover the liquid battery with a cell cover. The cell cover is provided with multiple air holes. The ratio of the total area of ​​all air holes to the volume of the liquid battery is 15cm 2 / m 3 ; The power source connected to the electrodes of the liquid battery is pulse electricity, the voltage of the pulse electricity is 10kV, and the pulse frequency is 10Hz; after 11 minutes of liquid-electric treatment, the liquid-electric treatment is stopped, the pool cover is opened, and the material in the liquid battery is sucked into the filter press for filtration. The obtained filter cake is dried, crushed, and sieved to obtain a powder with a particle size less than or equal to 500μm, which is the activated Yarrowia lipolytica fermentation sludge powder and adsorbent composite powder.

[0050] The mineral additive is composed of major element minerals and trace element minerals. The major element minerals contain one or more of calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, sulfur, sodium, potassium, and chlorine elements, and the trace element minerals contain one or more of iron, copper, manganese, zinc, selenium, iodine, and cobalt elements.

[0051] The adsorbent is a molecular sieve.

[0052] The activated Yarrowia lipolytica fermentation sludge powder and adsorbent composite powder are moistened with water to obtain a moistened mud material, wherein the amount of water added is 2.2% of the mass of the activated Yarrowia lipolytica fermentation sludge powder and adsorbent composite powder; the moistened mud material is mixed and stirred evenly with a microbial agent and a mineral additive, and then dried in the sun to obtain a dry block; the dry block is broken and sieved to obtain a granular functional microbial substrate improver.

[0053] Example 2

[0054] Functional microbial substrate improver, including the following components:

[0055] The activated Yarrowia lipolytica fermentation sludge powder, adsorbent composite powder, microbial agent and mineral additive. The mass ratio of the activated Yarrowia lipolytica fermentation sludge powder, adsorbent composite powder and mineral additive is 100:10.

[0056] The microbial agent is a composite of Bacillus, nitrifying bacteria, denitrifying bacteria, lactic acid bacteria, photosynthetic bacteria and Clostridium butyricum, and the content of live bacteria in the functional microbial substrate improver is 500 million to 3 billion per gram.

[0057] The Yarrowia lipolytica fermentation sludge reacts in a liquid battery through a liquid-electric effect to obtain activated Yarrowia lipolytica fermentation sludge powder. The production method of the activated Yarrowia lipolytica fermentation sludge powder and an adsorbent composite powder comprises the following steps:

[0058] Step 1, feeding the fermentation sludge of Yarrowia lipolytica into a liquid battery, adding water and an adsorbent into the liquid battery and stirring until a thin sludge is obtained, wherein the solid content of the thin sludge is 35%, the height of the thin sludge does not exceed half the height of the liquid battery, and the mass ratio of the fermentation sludge of Yarrowia lipolytica to the adsorbent is 100:17;

[0059] Step 2: Cover the liquid battery with a cell cover. The cell cover is provided with multiple air holes. The ratio of the total area of ​​all air holes to the volume of the liquid battery is 20cm 2 / m 3 ; The power source connected to the electrodes of the liquid battery is pulse electricity, the voltage of the pulse electricity is 10 kV, and the pulse frequency is 25 Hz; after 12 minutes of liquid-electric treatment, the liquid-electric treatment is stopped, the cell cover is opened, and the material in the liquid battery is sucked into the filter press for filtration. The obtained filter cake is dried, crushed, and sieved to obtain a powder with a particle size less than or equal to 500 μm, which is the activated Yarrowia lipolytica fermentation sludge powder and adsorbent composite powder.

[0060] The mineral additive is composed of major element minerals and trace element minerals. The major element minerals contain one or more of calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, sulfur, sodium, potassium, and chlorine elements, and the trace element minerals contain one or more of iron, copper, manganese, zinc, selenium, iodine, and cobalt elements.

[0061] The adsorbent is a molecular sieve.

[0062] The activated Yarrowia lipolytica fermentation sludge powder and adsorbent composite powder are moistened with water to obtain a moistened mud material, wherein the amount of water added is 2.5% of the mass of the activated Yarrowia lipolytica fermentation sludge powder and adsorbent composite powder; the moistened mud material is mixed and stirred evenly with a microbial agent and a mineral additive, and then dried in the sun to obtain a dry block; the obtained dry block is broken and sieved to obtain a granular functional microbial substrate improver.

[0063] Example 3

[0064] The functional microbial substrate modifier based on Example 1 is used for shrimp and crab farming. The functional microbial substrate modifier is pre-buried in the bottom mud of the shrimp and crab farm by pre-buried method. The dosage of the functional microbial substrate modifier is 41±0.3kg / hm 2 .

[0065] Comparative Example 1

[0066] The control soil modification agent is composed of microbial agents and molecular sieves. The microbial agents are a composite of Bacillus, nitrifying bacteria, denitrifying bacteria, lactic acid bacteria, photosynthetic bacteria and Clostridium butyricum. The content of live bacteria in the control soil modification agent is 500 million to 3 billion per gram.

[0067] Comparative Example 2

[0068] Functional microbial substrate improver, including the following components:

[0069] Yarrowia lipolytica fermentation sludge powder and adsorbent mixed powder, microbial agent and mineral additive. The mass ratio of Yarrowia lipolytica fermentation sludge powder and adsorbent mixed powder and mineral additive is 100:5. The mass ratio of Yarrowia lipolytica fermentation sludge powder to adsorbent in the Yarrowia lipolytica fermentation sludge powder and adsorbent mixed powder is 100:17; the rest is the same as Example 1.

[0070] Comparative Example 3

[0071] The only difference between this example and Example 1 is that in this example, the activated Yarrowia lipolytica fermentation sludge powder and adsorbent mixed powder is used instead of the activated Yarrowia lipolytica fermentation sludge powder and adsorbent composite powder. The activated Yarrowia lipolytica fermentation sludge powder refers to the fermentation sludge of Yarrowia lipolytica reacting in the liquid battery only without the adsorbent, and the final reaction obtains the activated Yarrowia lipolytica fermentation sludge powder; the activated Yarrowia lipolytica fermentation sludge powder and the adsorbent are mixed in a mass ratio of 100:17 to obtain the activated Yarrowia lipolytica fermentation sludge powder and adsorbent mixed powder; the rest is the same as Example 1.

[0072] 《Test for Characterization of Anti-Stress Ability》

[0073] In two shrimp ponds, one of the shrimp ponds was charged with 41±0.3kg / hm 2 The functional microbial substrate improver of Example 1 was pre-buried in an amount of 41 ± 0.3 kg / hm 2 The control bottom modification agent was pre-buried in the pond, which was marked as group B shrimp pond. At the same time, the same batch of vannamei shrimp were raised for 45 days. After that, samples were taken from the shrimp ponds of group A and group B, placed in two adjacent test ponds, and exposed to the sun at the same time. When the water temperature was controlled at 33℃, the exposure was carried out for 3 hours every day. During the exposure process, dead shrimp were fished out. After 2 days of exposure, the number of dead shrimps was counted and the mortality rate was calculated. Repeat once and take the average.

[0074] The test showed that the mortality rate of Penaeus vannamei cultured in shrimp ponds of group A after exposure to the sun was 11%; the mortality rate of Penaeus vannamei cultured in shrimp ponds of group B after exposure to the sun was 72%. It can be seen that the functional microbial substrate improver of the present invention can better adapt to extreme weather and water environment, and has strong anti-stress ability, especially strong anti-heat stress ability.

[0075] 《Granules Yield Test》

[0076] When preparing granules, in order to prevent excessive moisture from affecting the dormancy of bacteria in the microbial agent, spray wetting is used during the wetting process, and the amount of water added generally does not exceed 3%; based on these goals, the raw materials must have sufficient viscosity after wetting.

[0077] The dried dry matter blocks were broken into pieces using a 3-bar hammer for 10 min. The broken materials were sieved separately, and the particles that passed through the No. 1 sieve (2000 μm) and could not pass through the No. 5 sieve (180 μm) were collected as granules; granule conversion rate = total weight of granules / mass of dry matter blocks.

[0078] The test results of Example 1 and Comparative Examples 2 and 3 are shown in Table 1:

[0079] Table 1

[0080] Granule conversion rate / % Sediment redox potential / mV Example 1 87.5 After 60 days, the redox potential of the sediment at the buried site was -131 Comparative Example 2 25.6 After 60 days, the redox potential of the buried sediment was -97 Comparative Example 3 20.9 After 60 days, the redox potential of the sludge at the buried site was -102

[0081] Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, those skilled in the art may make other changes and modifications to these embodiments once they have learned the basic creative concept. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications that fall within the scope of the present invention.

[0082] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A functional microbial substrate improver, characterized in that: Includes the following components: The activated Yarrowia lipolytica fermentation sludge powder is combined with adsorbent composite powder, microbial agent and mineral additive.

2. The functional microbial substrate improver according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mass ratio of the activated Yarrowia lipolytica fermentation sludge powder to the adsorbent composite powder and the mineral additive is 100:(5-10).

3. The functional microbial substrate improver according to claim 1, characterized in that: The Yarrowia lipolytica fermentation sludge reacts in a liquid battery through a liquid-electric effect to obtain activated Yarrowia lipolytica fermentation sludge powder. The production method of the activated Yarrowia lipolytica fermentation sludge powder and an adsorbent composite powder comprises the following steps: Step 1, feeding the fermentation sludge of Yarrowia lipolytica into a liquid battery, adding water and an adsorbent into the liquid battery and stirring until a thin sludge is obtained, wherein the solid content of the thin sludge is 35% to 38%, the height of the thin sludge does not exceed half the height of the liquid battery, and the mass ratio of the fermentation sludge of Yarrowia lipolytica to the adsorbent is 100:17; Step 2: Cover the liquid battery with a cell cover, which is provided with a plurality of air holes. The ratio of the total area of ​​all the air holes to the volume of the liquid battery is 15-20cm 2 / m 3 ; The power source connected to the electrodes of the liquid battery is pulse electricity, the voltage of the pulse electricity is 10kV, and the pulse frequency is 10-25Hz; after 11-12min of liquid-electric treatment, stop the liquid-electric treatment, open the pool cover, and suck the materials in the liquid battery into the filter press for filtration. The obtained filter cake is dried, crushed, and sieved to obtain a powder with a particle size less than or equal to 500μm, which is the activated Yarrowia lipolytica fermentation sludge powder and adsorbent composite powder.

4. The functional microbial substrate improver according to claim 1, characterized in that: The microbial agent is one or more of Bacillus, nitrifying bacteria, denitrifying bacteria, lactic acid bacteria, photosynthetic bacteria, and Clostridium butyricum.

5. The functional microbial substrate improver according to claim 1, characterized in that: The content of live bacteria in the functional microbial substrate improver is 500 million to 3 billion per gram.

6. The functional microbial substrate improver according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mineral additive is composed of major element minerals and trace element minerals. The major element minerals contain one or more of calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, sulfur, sodium, potassium, and chlorine elements, and the trace element minerals contain one or more of iron, copper, manganese, zinc, selenium, iodine, and cobalt elements.

7. The functional microbial substrate improver according to claim 3, characterized in that: The adsorbent is a molecular sieve.

8. The method for preparing the functional microbial substrate improver according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The activated Yarrowia lipolytica fermentation sludge powder and adsorbent composite powder are moistened with water to obtain a moistened mud material, wherein the amount of water added is 2.2% to 2.5% of the mass of the activated Yarrowia lipolytica fermentation sludge powder and adsorbent composite powder; the moistened mud material is mixed and stirred evenly with a microbial agent and a mineral additive, and then dried, crushed, and sieved to obtain a granular functional microbial substrate improver.

9. Use of the functional microbial substrate improver according to any one of claims 1 to 7 in shrimp and crab farming.

10. The use of the functional microbial substrate improver according to claim 9 in shrimp and crab farming, characterized in that: The functional microbial substrate improver is pre-buried in the bottom mud of the shrimp and crab breeding farm by pre-buried method, and the dosage of the functional microbial substrate improver is 41±0.3kg / hm 2 .