Floating double-chamber balanced gun structure

Abstract

The application relates to a floating double-chamber balanced gun structure, which comprises a front barrel, a first chamber, a second chamber, a projectile, a balancing body and a rear barrel; the front barrel is a movement section of the projectile; the first chamber is used for loading a first main charge; the second chamber is tightly attached to the balancing body and is used for loading a second main charge; the projectile is a main launching body; and the balancing body is used for balancing the recoil force generated by the launching projectile. Compared with the prior art, the initial running speed of the projectile is increased under the premise that the maximum bore pressure of the balanced gun is not increased through the arrangement of the first chamber and the second chamber; the application can solve the high-bore-pressure problem caused by the high initial speed index of the large-caliber barrel weapon by using simple structure and principle, realizes safe test launching of the barrel weapon, and the test device provided by the application has the advantages of simple structure, simple operation, safety and reliability, and economy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of weapon launching systems, and in particular to a floating dual-chamber balanced gun structure. Background Technology

[0002] Artillery, often referred to as the "god of war," is generally fired from a closed breech. The high-temperature, high-pressure gases generated by the combustion of propellant propel the projectile while simultaneously acting on the gun barrel through the breech, causing recoil. Modern warfare demands that artillery weapons possess high power, high accuracy, and good mobility. Reducing the enormous recoil during artillery firing is crucial for reconciling the conflict between power, mobility, and accuracy.

[0003] To address the issue of reducing artillery recoil, various recoil reduction technologies and corresponding anti-recoil devices have been researched both domestically and internationally, reducing the recoil impulse generated during artillery firing to varying degrees. These technologies include recoilless firing technology, muzzle brake technology, forward thrust technology, two-dimensional recoil technology, expansion wave firing technology, electrorheological technology, and magnetorheological technology. Among these, there are two approaches to recoilless firing: one is to use the propellant gases expelled from the nozzle at the rear of the weapon to counteract the recoil thrust. In principle, this is a combination of an artillery piece and a rocket combustion chamber, i.e., a conventional recoilless gun. The other approach involves placing a counterbalancer inside the barrel. During firing, the counterbalancer replaces the propellant gases and is expelled from the rear of the barrel, achieving the goal of no recoil. In principle, this is a two-way firing artillery piece, and artillery pieces using this firing principle are called counterbalanced guns.

[0004] Currently, firing platforms designed using the balanced firing principle typically have a central chamber, with the projectile on one side and the counterweight on the other. The high-temperature, high-pressure combustion gases generated by the ignition of the propellant in the chamber propel the projectile and counterweight in opposite directions until they leave the muzzle. By appropriately selecting the mass ratio of the projectile to the counterweight and the stroke ratio within the barrel, both can be ejected from the barrel simultaneously or slightly later than the counterweight, allowing the projectile to achieve the desired initial velocity while the gun barrel experiences neither forward propulsion nor recoil.

[0005] Balanced guns operate with forces essentially balanced across four axes, achieving high expected velocities. Simultaneously, the gun mount bears minimal load, allowing for large calibers. Their simple structure results in low development costs and short development cycles, enabling customized design and manufacturing for specific needs. Therefore, they are effective experimental loading tools for researching large-size, high-mass prototypes. However, as launch masses and velocities increase, so does the maximum intrabore pressure, making high chamber pressure a significant challenge in balanced gun design. In principle, achieving high muzzle velocities for projectiles involves two main approaches: lengthening the barrel to maximize intrabore acceleration energy, or thickening the barrel to withstand higher chamber pressures. However, limitations in manufacturing capabilities and material properties make these solutions increasingly difficult to meet practical engineering requirements.

[0006] Therefore, it is evident that traditional balanced gun structures are no longer sufficient to meet the requirements of high-mass, high-velocity firing targets, resulting in difficult and costly testing, and bulky test pieces. Floating dual-chamber balanced gun structures can effectively solve the problem of increasing projectile energy and firing velocity without increasing the maximum chamber pressure. Currently, there are no publicly available reports on floating dual-chamber balanced gun structures. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide a floating dual-chamber balanced gun structure that, without increasing the maximum pressure inside the balanced gun barrel, allows the projectile to acquire more energy, increases the projectile's firing velocity, and achieves a high-mass, high-initial-velocity firing target.

[0008] The technical solution to achieve the purpose of this invention is as follows: a floating dual-chamber balanced gun structure, comprising: a fore-tube, a first chamber, a second chamber, a projectile, a counterweight, and a rear-tube; wherein the fore-tube is the moving section of the projectile; the direction of the projectile's movement is defined as forward; the projectile and the first chamber are installed inside the fore-tube, the projectile being the main launching body; the first chamber is located behind the projectile and is used to load the first main charge; the second chamber and the counterweight are installed in the rear-tube, the second chamber being located behind the first chamber; the counterweight is closely attached to the rear of the second chamber and is used to load the second main charge; the counterweight is used to balance the recoil generated by firing the projectile.

[0009] Furthermore, the second medicine chamber includes a second medicine chamber shell, a sealing ring, a central hole, an aluminum film, and a plug; the outer side of the second medicine chamber shell has a sealing ring groove for placing the sealing ring; a central hole is provided on the end face of the second medicine chamber shell near the first medicine chamber; the aluminum film is placed inside the plug, and the plug is fixed on the central hole.

[0010] Furthermore, when the second drug chamber and the balancing body are not separated, the velocity of the balancing body should satisfy the following formula:

[0011]

[0012] in This is the secondary work coefficient, where M is the mass of the equilibrium body, and m is the mass of the equilibrium body. s v represents the total mass of the second medicine chamber. p is the velocity of the balancing body, S is the cross-sectional area of ​​the barrel, and p1 is the thrust generated by the first main charge.

[0013] When the second drug chamber separates from the balancing body, the velocity of the balancing body should satisfy the following formula:

[0014]

[0015] p2 is the thrust generated by the second main charge.

[0016] Furthermore, when the second chamber and the balancing body are not separated, the velocity of the second chamber should satisfy the following formula:

[0017]

[0018] in This is the secondary work coefficient, where M is the mass of the equilibrium body, and m is the mass of the equilibrium body. s v represents the total mass of the second medicine chamber. s ρ is the velocity of the second propellant chamber, S is the cross-sectional area of ​​the barrel, and p1 is the thrust generated by the first main charge.

[0019] Furthermore, when the second drug chamber separates from the equilibrium body, the velocity of the second drug chamber should satisfy the following formula:

[0020]

[0021] p2 is the thrust generated by the second main charge.

[0022] Furthermore, when the second chamber and the equilibrium body separate, the pressure in the second chamber must satisfy the condition that the pressure in the first chamber must satisfy:

[0023]

[0024] Furthermore, after the second pharmaceutical chamber separates from the equilibrium body, the energy equation for the second pharmaceutical chamber is:

[0025]

[0026] Among them, l ψ2 To reduce the free volume diameter of the second drug chamber, l p For the stroke of the equilibrium body, l k ω2 is the propellant charge in the second chamber, ψ2 is the propellant charge in the second chamber, θ is the propellant thermodynamic parameter, and v is the propellant charge. a The velocity at which the balancing body and the second drug chamber shell separate.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the significant advantages of this invention are: the floating dual-chamber balanced gun structure provided by this invention has a simple firing principle, is easy to implement, simple to operate, safe and reliable, and economical. It eliminates the need for the use of long barrels and thick-walled gun structures, greatly simplifying gun firing tests for experimental purposes. It can effectively avoid the safety, operability, and maintainability problems caused by complex and expensive test components, effectively saving test costs and workload, and providing a practical test scheme for conducting safety and reliability analysis of balanced gun tests in engineering applications. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of the floating dual-chamber balanced gun structure of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a partially enlarged view of the second chamber of the floating dual-chamber balanced gun structure of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the position of the second chamber and the central hole in the floating dual-chamber balanced gun structure of the present invention; Detailed Implementation

[0031] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1-3 The invention will be further described below with specific embodiments. This invention discloses a floating dual-chamber balanced gun structure. By setting up a first chamber and a second chamber, the initial velocity of the projectile is increased without increasing the maximum intra-chamber pressure of the balanced gun. This simplifies the structure of the long-barreled, thick-walled balanced gun and solves the testing problems of large-caliber, large-mass, and high-muzzle-energy balanced guns. It provides an effective and reliable scientific research testing method for balanced guns and can be used for experimental verification of theoretical and numerical studies, providing a guarantee for the improvement and enhancement of balanced gun development technology.

[0032] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, this invention discloses a floating dual-chamber balanced gun structure, comprising a front barrel 1, a first chamber 2, a second chamber 3, a projectile 4, a counterweight 5, and a rear barrel 6. The projectile 4 is defined as moving forward. The projectile 4 and the first chamber 2 are installed inside the front barrel 1, with the first chamber 2 located behind the projectile 4. The second chamber 3 and the counterweight 5 are installed inside the rear barrel 6, with the second chamber 3 located behind the first chamber 2, and the counterweight 5 closely attached to the rear of the second chamber 3. The front barrel 1 is the moving section of the projectile 4; the projectile 4 is the main launching body.

[0033] The first medicine chamber 2 is a circular tube of equal diameter, with its outer diameter equal to the inner diameter of the preceding tube. It is located behind the preceding tube and is used to fill the first main medicine.

[0034] The rear tube 6 is a circular tube of equal diameter, and its inner and outer diameters are equal to those of the front tube. The rear tube 6 is located at the rear end of the first drug chamber 2 and is used to place the balancing body 5 and the second drug chamber 3, and to provide the movement distance and movement space for the balancing body 5 and the second drug chamber 3.

[0035] The second propellant chamber 3 is located inside the rear barrel 6, in front of the counterweight 5, and contains the second main propellant charge. The second propellant chamber 3 is in close contact with the counterweight 5, but the two are not fixed together. When the pressure in the second propellant chamber is greater than the pressure in the first propellant chamber, the second propellant chamber separates from the counterweight and floats under the pressure changes in the barrel.

[0036] The balancing body 5 is a solid cylinder with the same diameter as the inner diameter of the rear tube 6, used to balance the recoil generated by the projectile; it has a gas-sealing structure to prevent the leakage of gunpowder gas.

[0037] The second chamber 3 includes a second chamber shell 7, a gas-sealing ring 8, a central hole 9, an aluminum diaphragm 10, and a plug 11. The second chamber shell 7 is cylindrical with a gas-sealing ring groove on the outside for housing the gas-sealing ring 8; the gas-sealing ring 8 is used to prevent leakage of the main charge gas; a central hole 9 is provided on the end face of the second chamber shell 7 near the first chamber; the plug 11 is a hollow non-uniform diameter bolt with external threads, which is tightened and fixed to the position of the central hole 9 on the second chamber shell 7 using a nut and a spring washer; the aluminum diaphragm 10 is fixed to the stepped end face of the stepped hole inside the plug 11, blocking the through hole inside the plug 11; when a certain pressure is reached, the compressed aluminum diaphragm 10 ruptures, igniting the second main charge inside.

[0038] The side of the second chamber shell 7 closest to the counterweight 5 is open; the second chamber 3 is attached to the counterweight but not fixedly connected. When the second chamber is ignited, the second chamber separates from the counterweight and floats under the pressure changes in the barrel.

[0039] The air-sealing ring is a nylon ring with a diameter slightly larger than that of the shell.

[0040] Based on the floating dual-chamber balanced gun structure, the projectile's motion still satisfies:

[0041]

[0042] in is the secondary work coefficient, m is the projectile mass, v is the projectile velocity, S is the cross-sectional area of ​​the propellant tube, and p1 is the thrust generated by the first main charge.

[0043] When the second drug chamber and the balancing body are not separated, the motion of the balancing body satisfies:

[0044]

[0045] in This is the secondary work coefficient, where M is the mass of the equilibrium body, and m is the mass of the equilibrium body. s v represents the total mass of the second medicine chamber. p is the velocity of the balancing body, S is the cross-sectional area of ​​the barrel, and p1 is the thrust generated by the first main charge.

[0046] When the second drug chamber separates from the balancing body, the motion of the balancing body satisfies:

[0047]

[0048] p2 is the thrust generated by the second main charge.

[0049] When the second drug chamber and the balancing body are not separated, the motion of the second drug chamber satisfies:

[0050]

[0051] in This is the secondary work coefficient, where M is the mass of the equilibrium body, and m is the mass of the equilibrium body. s v represents the total mass of the second medicine chamber. s ρ is the velocity of the second propellant chamber, S is the cross-sectional area of ​​the barrel, and p1 is the thrust generated by the first main charge.

[0052] When the second drug chamber separates from the equilibrium body, the motion of the second drug chamber satisfies:

[0053]

[0054] p2 is the thrust generated by the second main charge.

[0055] The separation time between the second drug chamber and the balancing body is:

[0056]

[0057] After the second chamber separates from the equilibrium body, the energy equation for the second chamber is:

[0058]

[0059] Among them l ψ2 To reduce the free volume diameter of the second drug chamber, l p For the stroke of the equilibrium body, l k ω2 is the propellant charge in the second chamber, ψ2 is the propellant charge in the second chamber, θ is the propellant thermodynamic parameter, and v is the propellant charge. a The velocity at which the balancing body and the second drug chamber shell separate.

[0060] The working principle is as follows: Before the test, the projectile 4 is placed at the rear end of the front tube 1, i.e., the front end of the first chamber 2, and the first main charge is placed in the first chamber 2. The sealing ring 8 is placed on the outside of the second chamber shell 7, and the aluminum film 10 is covered on the central hole 9 with the sealing plug 11. The second main charge is then placed in the second chamber shell 7. The second chamber 3 is placed at the rear end of the first chamber 2, i.e., the front end of the rear tube 6. The counterweight 5 is placed behind the second chamber 3, close to it. After ignition, the first main charge is ignited, propelling the projectile 4 in the front tube 1, and simultaneously propelling the second chamber 3 and the counterweight 5 backward in the rear tube 6. When the propellant gas pressure in the first chamber 2 increases to a level exceeding the rupture threshold of the aluminum film 10, the aluminum film 10 ruptures, igniting the second main charge. The gas pressure in the second chamber 3 gradually increases, and the counterweight 5 experiences a force towards the rear barrel 6, separating the second chamber 3 from the counterweight 5. The second chamber 3 experiences a force towards the front barrel 1, which inhibits its movement and hinders the downward pressure gradient generated by the first main charge, indirectly increasing the pressure inside the barrel, thus increasing the energy propelling the projectile 4 and giving it a higher initial velocity. The second chamber 3 floats left and right under the combined pressures of the propellant gas generated in the first chamber 2 and the second chamber 3. Finally, the projectile 4 exits from the front barrel 1, the counterweight exits from the rear barrel 6, and the second chamber 3 subsequently exits from the rear barrel 6.

[0061] The floating dual-chamber balanced gun structure designed in this invention increases the muzzle velocity of the projectile while ensuring that the maximum pressure inside the balanced gun barrel does not increase, thus effectively achieving the firing performance of a large-caliber, high-mass, and high-initial-velocity projectile.

[0062] Specifically, in this embodiment, the barrel is a circular tube of uniform diameter and certain thickness, machined from gun steel, with a total length of 30.0m and a wall thickness of 200mm; the inner diameter of the fore-barrel is 600mm and the length is 20.0m; the length of the propellant chamber is 5.0m and the inner diameter is 680mm; the length of the breech barrel is approximately 5.0m and the inner diameter is 600mm. The projectile mass is approximately 1000kg, the muzzle velocity is approximately 1000m / s, and the total mass of the balance body is matched by an internal ballistic model.

[0063] The floating dual-chamber balanced gun structure in this embodiment achieves the design objective by increasing the initial velocity of the projectile without increasing the maximum chamber pressure.

[0064] The floating dual-chamber balanced gun structure provided by this invention has a simple principle and is easy to implement. It makes extensive use of existing experimental components, greatly reducing the difficulty and cost of testing. It achieves large-caliber, high-mass, and high-initial-velocity firing performance without increasing the barrel length or wall thickness.

[0065] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention can have various modifications and variations. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the essence and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A floating dual-chamber balanced cannon structure, characterized by, include: The projectile consists of a forward barrel, a first propellant chamber, a second propellant chamber, a projectile, a counterweight, and a rear barrel. The forward barrel is the projectile's propellant section, defined as moving forward. The projectile and the first propellant chamber are installed inside the forward barrel, with the projectile serving as the main launcher. The first propellant chamber is located at the rear of the projectile and is used to load the first main propellant charge. The second propellant chamber and the counterweight are installed in the rear barrel. The second propellant chamber is located behind the first propellant chamber, and the counterweight is attached to the rear of the second propellant chamber. The second propellant chamber is used to load the second main propellant charge. The counterweight is used to balance the recoil generated by launching the projectile. After ignition and firing, the first main charge is ignited, propelling the projectile in the forward barrel and simultaneously pushing the second chamber and the counterweight backward in the rear barrel. When the propellant gas pressure in the first chamber increases to the membrane breaking threshold, the second main charge is ignited. The gas pressure in the second chamber gradually increases, and the counterweight is subjected to a force in the rear barrel direction, separating the second chamber from the counterweight. The second chamber is subjected to a force in the forward barrel direction, which inhibits the movement of the second chamber and hinders the downward pressure gradient generated by the first main charge, thereby indirectly increasing the pressure inside the barrel, i.e., increasing the energy propelling the projectile and giving the projectile a higher initial velocity. The second chamber floats left and right under the influence of the gas pressure generated by the first and second chambers. Finally, the projectile moves out of the front tube, the balancing body moves out of the rear tube, and the second chamber then moves out of the rear tube. When the second drug chamber and the balancing body are not separated, the velocity of the balancing body should satisfy the following formula: ； wherein is the secondary power coefficient, M is the mass of the balance, m s is the total mass of the second chamber, v p is the balance velocity, S is the barrel cross-sectional area, p1 is the thrust generated by the first main charge; When the second drug chamber separates from the balancing body, the velocity of the balancing body should satisfy the following formula: ； Where p2 is the thrust generated by the second main charge; When the second chamber and the balancing body are not separated, the velocity of the second chamber should satisfy the following formula: ； wherein is the secondary power coefficient, M is the mass of the balance, m s is the total mass of the second chamber, v s is the second chamber velocity, S is the barrel cross-sectional area, p1 is the thrust generated by the first main charge; When the second drug chamber separates from the equilibrium body, the velocity of the second drug chamber should satisfy the following formula: ； Where p2 is the thrust generated by the second main charge; After the second chamber separates from the equilibrium body, the energy equation for the second chamber is: ； in, To reduce the free volume diameter of the second drug chamber, l p For the stroke of the equilibrium body, l k For the second chamber shell stroke, f2 is the propellant force in the second chamber. This refers to the amount of medicine loaded into the second medicine chamber. The percentage of gunpowder already burned in the second chamber is given by θ, which is a thermodynamic parameter of the gunpowder. a The velocity at which the balancing body and the second drug chamber shell separate.

2. The floating dual-chamber balanced gun structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second medicine chamber includes a second medicine chamber shell, a sealing ring, a central hole, an aluminum film, and a plug; the outer side of the second medicine chamber shell has a sealing ring groove for placing the sealing ring; a central hole is provided on the end face of the second medicine chamber shell near the first medicine chamber; the aluminum film is placed inside the plug, and the plug is fixed on the central hole.

3. The floating dual-chamber balanced gun structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the second drug chamber separates from the equilibrium body, the pressure in the second drug chamber must satisfy the condition that the pressure in the first drug chamber must satisfy: 。

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